Standard Occupational Classification (SOC)
Includes Alaska specific codes
The drop-down menu of major occupation groupings below provides detailed descriptions of the Standard Occupation Classification (SOC) codes as well as examples of occupations usually given the code.
SOC is a national government system that allows agencies to collect and analyze occupational data. It allows agencies to produce various reports such as the Nonresidents report and help determine whether education programs may lead to certain occupations.
The SOC code is the six-digit code that best describes the activities of the employee. In some cases, the six-digit code has been expanded to identify occupations important to the state. For instance, seafood processing workers are coded as 51-3022.05.
The code is based on the work actually performed--not the code for jobs for which employees might be trained. For example, an employee trained as a Computer Scientist, but working primarily as a Manager, should be coded as a Manager.
An occupation that combines two different activities is reported with the code for the activity that requires the highest skill or educational level. If these levels are the same, then the code for the occupation in which the employee spends the most time is used. Employees who changed jobs during a quarter are reported in their last occupation.
Top Executives
SOC Description
Determine and formulate policies and provide overall direction of companies or private and public sector organizations within guidelines set up by a board of directors or similar governing body. Plan, direct, or coordinate operational activities at the highest level of management with the help of subordinate executives and staff managers.
SOC Example
Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Executive Officers (CEO), Healthcare-specific
SOC Description
Owners of small business with usually less than 30 workers, or managers performing the same range of duties. Oversee and manage the overall function of the business. May be an Executive Director and report to a board.
SOC Example
General Manager, Executive Officer
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the operations of public or private sector organizations, overseeing multiple departments or locations. Duties and responsibilities include formulating policies, managing daily operations, and planning the use of materials and human resources, but are too diverse and general in nature to be classified in any one functional area of management or administration, such as personnel, purchasing, or administrative services. Usually manage through subordinate supervisors. Excludes First-Line Supervisors.
SOC Example
Operations Managers and Officers, Healthcare-specific
SOC Description
Develop, introduce, or enact laws and statutes at the local, tribal, state, or federal level. Includes only workers in elected positions.
SOC Example
City Council Member, Senator, Tribal Council member
Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate advertising policies and programs or produce collateral materials, such as posters, contests, coupons, or giveaways, to create extra interest in the purchase of a product or service for a department, an entire organization, or on an account basis.
SOC Example
Advertising Director, Advertising Executive, Promotions Director
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate marketing policies and programs, such as determining the demand for products and services offered by a firm and its competitors, and identify potential customers. Develop pricing strategies with the goal of maximizing the firm??s profits or share of the market while ensuring the firm??s customers are satisfied. Oversee product development or monitor trends that indicate the need for new products and services.
SOC Example
Internet Marketing Manager, Marketing Administrator, Marketing Director
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the actual distribution or movement of a product or service to the customer. Coordinate sales distribution by establishing sales territories, quotas, and goals and establish training programs for sales representatives. Analyze sales statistics gathered by staff to determine sales potential and inventory requirements and monitor the preferences of customers.
SOC Example
District Sales Manager, Export Manager, Regional Sales Manager, Sales Director
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities designed to create or maintain a favorable public image or raise issue awareness for their organization or client.
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities to solicit and maintain funds for special projects or nonprofit organizations.
Operations Specialties Managers
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate operations and functionalities of facilities and buildings. May include surrounding grounds or multiple facilities of an organization??s campus. Excludes ??Administrative Services Managers? (11-3012), ??Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers? (11-9141), ??First-Line Supervisors of Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Workers? (37-1010), ??First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics and Repairers? (49-1011), and ??Maintenance and Repair Workers, General? (49-9071).
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate one or more administrative services of an organization, such as records and information management, mail distribution, and other office support services. Medical records administrators are included in ??Medical and Health Services Managers? (11-9111). Excludes ??Facilities Managers? (11-3013) and ??Purchasing Managers? (11-3061).
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as electronic data processing, information systems, systems analysis, and computer programming. Excludes ??Computer Occupations? (15-1211 through 15-1299).
SOC Example
Chief Technology Officer, Information Technology Systems Director, Management Information Systems Director
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate accounting, investing, banking, insurance, securities, and other financial activities of a branch, office, or department of an establishment. Excludes ??Financial Risk Specialists? (13-2054).
SOC Example
Comptroller, Financial Director
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the work activities and resources necessary for manufacturing products in accordance with cost, quality, and quantity specifications.
SOC Example
Manufacturing Director, Plant Manager, Production Control Manager
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of buyers, purchasing officers, and related workers involved in purchasing materials, products, and services. Includes wholesale or retail trade merchandising managers and procurement managers.
SOC Example
Contracting Manager, Procurement Manager, Purchasing Director
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate transportation, storage, or distribution activities in accordance with organizational policies and applicable government laws or regulations. Includes logistics managers.
SOC Example
Distribution Center Manager, Traffic Safety Administrator, Warehouse Manager
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate compensation and benefits activities of an organization. Job analysis and position description managers are included in ??Human Resources Managers? (11-3121).
SOC Example
Compensation Director, Employee Benefits Director, Wage and Salary Administrator
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate human resources activities and staff of an organization. Excludes managers who primarily focus on compensation and benefits (11-3111) and training and development (11-3131).
SOC Example
Job Analysis Manager, Labor Relations Director, Personnel Manager, Position Description Manager
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the training and development activities and staff of an organization.
SOC Example
E-Learning Manager, Employee Development Director, Labor Training Manager
Other Management Occupations
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the management or operation of farms, ranches, greenhouses, aquacultural operations, nurseries, timber tracts, or other agricultural establishments. May hire, train, and supervise farm workers or contract for services to carry out the day-to-day activities of the managed operation. May engage in or supervise planting, cultivating, harvesting, and financial and marketing activities. Excludes ??First-Line Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers? (45-1011).
SOC Example
Animal Husbandry Manager, Dairy Farm Manager, Fish Hatchery Manager, Orchard Manager
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate, usually through subordinate supervisory personnel, activities concerned with the construction and maintenance of structures, facilities, and systems. Participate in the conceptual development of a construction project and oversee its organization, scheduling, budgeting, and implementation. Includes managers in specialized construction fields, such as carpentry or plumbing.
SOC Example
Contraction Coordinator, Construction Superintendent, General Contractor
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the academic, administrative, or auxiliary activities of kindergarten, elementary, or secondary schools.
SOC Example
Elementary School Principal, High School Principal, Middle School Principal
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate academic or nonacademic activities of preschools or childcare centers and programs, including before- and after-school care. Excludes ??Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education? (25-2011) and ??Childcare Workers? (39-9011).
SOC Example
Director of Child Care Center, Head Start Director, Preschool Director
SOC Description
All education administrators not listed separately.
SOC Example
Administrator of Special Education, Director of Extension Work, Director of Vocational Training, Health Education Director
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate student instruction, administration, and services, as well as other research and educational activities, at postsecondary institutions, including universities, colleges, and junior and community colleges.
SOC Example
Provost, University Administrator
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as architecture and engineering or research and development in these fields. Excludes ??Natural Sciences Managers? (11-9121).
SOC Example
Engineering Design Manager, Global Engineering Manager, Mechanical Engineering Director
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that serves food and/or beverages. Will usually have employees that supervise the servers, bartenders etc.
SOC Example
Food Service Manager, Bar Manager
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that serves food and beverages. Excludes ??Chefs and Head Cooks? (35-1011).
SOC Example
Banquet Director, Food Service Director, Tavern Operator
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate gambling operations in a casino. May formulate house rules.
SOC Example
Casino Manager, Slot Operations Director, Table Games Manager
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate entertainment and recreational activities and operations of a recreational facility, including cruise ships and parks.
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities of an organization or department that provides lodging and other accommodations. Excludes ??Food Service Managers? (11-9051) in lodging establishments.
SOC Example
Bed and Breakfast Innkeeper, Hotel Manager, Innkeeper
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate medical and health services in hospitals, clinics, managed care organizations, public health agencies, or similar organizations.
SOC Example
Chief Nurse Executive, Nurse Executive, Director of Nursing (DON), Chief Nursing Officer (CNO), Behavioral Health Manager, Behavioral Health Supervisor, Mental Health Director, Clinic Director, Counselor/Clinical Supervisor, CDC-Supervisor, Director of Be
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate activities in such fields as life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, statistics, and research and development in these fields. Excludes ??Computer and Information Systems Managers? (11-3021) and ??Architecture and Engineering Managers? (11-9041).
SOC Example
Agricultural Research Director, Geophysical Manager, Ocean Program Administrator
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate operational, administrative, management, and support services of a U.S. post office; or coordinate activities of workers engaged in postal and related work in assigned post office.
SOC Example
Postal Supervisor, Postmaster
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the selling, buying, leasing, or governance activities of commercial, industrial, or residential real estate properties. Includes managers of homeowner and condominium associations, rented or leased housing units, buildings, or land (including rights-of-way).
SOC Example
Apartment Manager, Building Rental Manager, Leasing Property Manager
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the activities of a social service program or community outreach organization. Oversee the program or organization??s budget and policies regarding participant involvement, program requirements, and benefits. Work may involve directing social workers, counselors, or probation officers.
SOC Example
Program Manager, Director, Project Manager, Program Coordinator, Executive Director, Behavioral Health Services Manager, Healthcare Social and Community Services Manager
SOC Description
Plan and direct disaster response or crisis management activities, provide disaster preparedness training, and prepare emergency plans and procedures for natural (e.g., hurricanes, floods, earthquakes), wartime, or technological (e.g., nuclear power plant emergencies or hazardous materials spills) disasters or hostage situations.
SOC Example
Disaster Response Director, Emergency Preparedness Coordinator, public Safety Director
SOC Description
All personal service managers not listed separately. Excludes ??Financial Specialists? (13-2000). Daycare Managers are included in Education and Childcare Administrators, Preschool and Daycare (11-9031).
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate the services or resources of funeral homes. Includes activities such as determining prices for services or merchandise and managing the facilities of funeral homes. Excludes ??Morticians, Undertakers, and Funeral Arrangers? (39-4031).
SOC Description
All managers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Clerk of Court, Social Science Manager, Utilities Manager
SOC Description
Perform a wide range of duties supporting the city government such as developing programs and procedures implementing the policy of a city council, coordinating city elections, serving as official record keeper for the city, overseeing the posting of public notices and meetings, maintaining and updating municipal codes, responding to requests for information, and maintaining fiscal records and accounts.
Business Operations Specialists
SOC Description
Represent and promote artists, performers, and athletes in dealings with current or prospective employers. May handle contract negotiation and other business matters for clients.
SOC Example
Band Manager, Literary Agent, Theatrical Agent
SOC Description
Purchase farm products either for further processing or resale. Includes tree farm contractors, grain brokers and market operators, grain buyers, and tobacco buyers. May negotiate contracts.
SOC Example
Cotton Broker, Fruit Buyer, Livestock Buyer
SOC Description
Purchase machinery, equipment, tools, parts, supplies, or services necessary for the operation of an establishment. Purchase raw or semifinished materials for manufacturing. May negotiate contracts. Excludes ??Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products? (13-1021) and ??Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products? (13-1022).
SOC Example
Equipment, Supplies, and Tools Purchasing Agent; Radio Time Buyer
SOC Description
Buy merchandise or commodities, other than farm products, for resale to consumers at the wholesale or retail level, including both durable and nondurable goods. Analyze past buying trends, sales records, price, and quality of merchandise to determine value and yield. Select, order, and authorize payment for merchandise according to contractual agreements. May conduct meetings with sales personnel and introduce new products. May negotiate contracts. Includes assistant wholesale and retail buyers of nonfarm products. Excludes ??Procurement Clerks? (43-3061).
SOC Example
Gold Buyer, Merchandise Buyer
SOC Description
Review settled claims to determine that payments and settlements are made in accordance with company practices and procedures. Confer with legal counsel on claims requiring litigation. May also settle insurance claims. Excludes ??Fire Inspectors and Investigators? (33-2021).
SOC Example
Fire Claims Adjuster, Health Insurance Adjuster, Property and Casualty Insurance Claims Examiner
SOC Description
Appraise automobile or other vehicle damage to determine repair costs for insurance claim settlement. Prepare insurance forms to indicate repair cost or cost estimates and recommendations. May seek agreement with automotive repair shop on repair costs.
SOC Example
Automobile Damage Appraiser, Vehicle Damage Appraiser
SOC Description
Examine, evaluate, and investigate eligibility for or conformity with laws and regulations governing contract compliance of licenses and permits, and perform other compliance and enforcement inspection and analysis activities not classified elsewhere. Excludes ??Financial Examiners" (13-2061), ??Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents? (13-2081), ??Occupational Health and Safety Specialists? (19-5011), ??Occupational Health and Safety Technicians? (19-5012), ??Transportation Security Screeners? (33-9093), ??Agricultural Inspectors? (45-2011), ??Construction and Building Inspectors? (47-4011), and ??Transportation Inspectors? (53-6051).
SOC Example
Transportation Security Screener, Driver's License Examiner, Environmental Compliance Inspector, Equal Employment Opportunity Officer
SOC Description
Monitor state and federal requirements for marine discharge and pollution, and insure protection for passengers, crew, and residents at marine ports from improper sanitation, health, and safety practices.
SOC Example
Ocean Rangers
SOC Description
Prepare cost estimates for product manufacturing, construction projects, or services to aid management in bidding on or determining price of product or service. May specialize according to particular service performed or type of product manufactured.
SOC Example
Construction Job Cost Estimator, Crating and Moving Estimator, Production Cost Estimator
SOC Description
Recruit, screen, interview, or place individuals within an organization. May perform other activities in multiple human resources areas. Excludes ??Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists? (13-1141) and ??Training and Development Specialists? (13-1151).
SOC Example
Employment Interviewer, Personnel Recruiter, Placement Assistant
SOC Description
Recruit and hire seasonal or temporary agricultural laborers. May transport, house, and provide meals for workers.
SOC Example
Harvesting Contractor
SOC Description
Resolve disputes between workers and managers, negotiate collective bargaining agreements, or coordinate grievance procedures to handle employee complaints. Excludes equal employment opportunity (EEO) officers, who are included in ??Compliance Officers? (13-1041).
SOC Example
Employee Relations Specialist, Labor Relations Consultant, Union Representative, Industrial Relations Analyst, Industrial Relations Specialist, Labor Relations Consultant, Labor Relations Representative
SOC Description
Analyze and coordinate the ongoing logistical functions of a firm or organization. Responsible for the entire life cycle of a product, including acquisition, distribution, internal allocation, delivery, and final disposal of resources. Excludes ??Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers? (11-3071) and ??Project Management Specialists? (13-1082).
SOC Example
Logistics Analyst, Logistics Planner, Logistics Specialist
SOC Description
Analyze and coordinate the schedule, timeline, procurement, staffing, and budget of a product or service on a per project basis. Lead and guide the work of technical staff. May serve as a point of contact for the client or customer. Excludes ??Management Occupations? (11-0000), ??Logisticians? (13-1081), ??Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners? (13-1121), and ??Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks? (43-5061).
SOC Description
Conduct organizational studies and evaluations, design systems and procedures, conduct work simplification and measurement studies, and prepare operations and procedures manuals to assist management in operating more efficiently and effectively. Includes program analysts and management consultants. Excludes ??Computer Systems Analysts? (15-1211) and ??Operations Research Analysts? (15-2031).
SOC Example
Business Management Analyst, Business Process Consultant, Industrial Analyst
SOC Description
Coordinate activities of staff, convention personnel, or clients to make arrangements for group meetings, events, or conventions.
SOC Example
Conference Planner, Corporate Meeting Planner, Event and Wedding Planner
SOC Description
Organize activities to raise funds or otherwise solicit and gather monetary donations or other gifts for an organization. May design and produce promotional materials. May also raise awareness of the organization??s work, goals, and financial needs.
SOC Example
Campaign Fundraiser, Donor Relations Officer, Fundraising Officer
SOC Description
Conduct programs of compensation and benefits and job analysis for employer. May specialize in specific areas, such as position classification and pension programs.
SOC Example
Employee Benefits Specialist, Job Analyst, Retirement Plan Specialist
SOC Description
Design or conduct work-related training and development programs to improve individual skills or organizational performance. May analyze organizational training needs or evaluate training effectiveness. Excludes ??Career/Technical Education Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1194) and ??Other Teachers and Instructors? (25-3000). Flight instructors are included with ??Aircraft Pilots and Flight Engineers? (53-2010).
SOC Example
Computer Training Specialist, Corporate Trainer, Workforce Development Specialist
SOC Description
Research conditions in local, regional, national, or online markets. Gather information to determine potential sales of a product or service, or plan a marketing or advertising campaign. May gather information on competitors, prices, sales, and methods of marketing and distribution. May employ search marketing tactics, analyze web metrics, and develop recommendations to increase search engine ranking and visibility to target markets. Excludes ??Web and Digital Interface Designers? (15-1255), ??Art Directors? (27-1011), ??Graphic Designers? (27-1024), and ??Public Relations Specialists? (27-3031).
SOC Example
Market Research Specialist, Marketing Consultant, Marketing Forecaster
SOC Description
All business operations specialists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Mystery Shopper, Ship Purser
SOC Description
An individual person or member of a board given control or powers of administration but not involved in daily operations. Shareholders of companies that purchased their board membership, may or may not be voted in.
Financial Specialists
SOC Description
Examine, analyze, and interpret accounting records to prepare financial statements, give advice, or audit and evaluate statements prepared by others. Install or advise on systems of recording costs or other financial and budgetary data. Excludes ??Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents? (13-2081).
SOC Example
Certified Public Accountant, Field Auditor, Internal Auditor
SOC Description
Appraise and estimate the fair value of tangible personal or business property, such as jewelry, art, antiques, collectibles, and equipment. Includes workers who appraise both personal and business property as well as real estate. May also appraise land. Excludes ??Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators? (13-1031), ??Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage? (13-1032), ??Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate? (13-2023), and ??Tax Examiners and Collectors, and Revenue Agents? (13-2081).
SOC Description
Appraise real estate, exclusively, and estimate its fair value. May assess taxes in accordance with prescribed schedules. Excludes ??Appraisers of Personal and Business Property? (13-2022).
SOC Example
Land Appraiser, Property Appraiser, Tax Assessor
SOC Description
Examine budget estimates for completeness, accuracy, and conformance with procedures and regulations. Analyze budgeting and accounting reports. Excludes ??Financial and Investment Analysts? (13-2051).
SOC Example
Budget Examiner, Budget Officer, Cost Analyst, Quality Controller
SOC Description
Analyze credit data and financial statements of individuals or firms to determine the degree of risk involved in extending credit or lending money. Prepare reports with credit information for use in decisionmaking. Excludes ??Financial Risk Specialists? (13-2054).
SOC Example
Credit Assessment Analyst, Credit Risk Analyst
SOC Description
Advise clients on financial plans using knowledge of tax and investment strategies, securities, insurance, pension plans, and real estate. Duties include assessing clients' assets, liabilities, cash flow, insurance coverage, tax status, and financial objectives. May also buy and sell financial assets for clients. Excludes ??Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents? (41-3031).
SOC Example
Estate Planner, Individual Pension Advisor, Personal Investment Advisor
SOC Description
Conduct quantitative analyses of information involving investment programs or financial data of public or private institutions, including valuation of businesses. Excludes ??Budget Analysts? (13-2031), ??Financial Risk Specialists? (13-2054), and ??Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents? (41-3031).
SOC Example
Corporate Financial Analyst, Corporate Securities Research Analyst, Institutional Commodity Analyst
SOC Description
Analyze and measure exposure to credit and market risk threatening the assets, earning capacity, or economic state of an organization. May make recommendations to limit risk. Excludes ??Credit Analysts? (13-2041).
SOC Description
Review individual applications for insurance to evaluate degree of risk involved and determine acceptance of applications.
SOC Example
Automobile and Property Underwriter, Bond Underwriter, Insurance Analyst
SOC Description
Enforce or ensure compliance with laws and regulations governing financial and securities institutions and financial and real estate transactions. May examine, verify, or authenticate records.
SOC Example
Bank Examiner, Financial Compliance Examiner, Home Mortgage Disclosure Act Specialist
SOC Description
Advise and educate individuals or organizations on acquiring and managing debt. May provide guidance in determining the best type of loan and explain loan requirements or restrictions. May help develop debt management plans or student financial aid packages. May advise on credit issues, or provide budget, mortgage, bankruptcy, or student financial aid counseling.
SOC Example
Debt Management Counselor, Financial Assistance Advisor, Loan Counselor
SOC Description
Evaluate, authorize, or recommend approval of commercial, real estate, or credit loans. Advise borrowers on financial status and payment methods. Includes mortgage loan officers and agents, collection analysts, loan servicing officers, loan underwriters, and payday loan officers.
SOC Example
Loan Reviewer, Escrow Officer, Mortgage Consultant, Commercial Lender, Real Estate Loan Officer
SOC Description
Determine tax liability or collect taxes from individuals or business firms according to prescribed laws and regulations.
SOC Example
Internal Revenue Service Agent, Revenue Collector, Tax Investigator
SOC Description
Prepare tax returns for individuals or small businesses. Excludes ??Accountants and Auditors? (13-2011).
SOC Example
Income Tax Advisor, Income Tax Preparer, License Tax Consultant
SOC Description
All financial specialists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Bail Bondsman, Executor of Estate, Foreign Exchange Trader
Computer Occupations
SOC Description
Analyze science, engineering, business, and other data processing problems to develop and implement solutions to complex applications problems, system administration issues, or network concerns. Perform systems management and integration functions, improve existing computer systems, and review computer system capabilities, workflow, and schedule limitations. May analyze or recommend commercially available software.
SOC Description
Plan, implement, upgrade, or monitor security measures for the protection of computer networks and information. Assess system vulnerabilities for security risks and propose and implement risk mitigation strategies. May ensure appropriate security controls are in place that will safeguard digital files and vital electronic infrastructure. May respond to computer security breaches and viruses. Excludes ??Computer Network Architects? (15-1241).
SOC Description
Conduct research into fundamental computer and information science as theorists, designers, or inventors. Develop solutions to problems in the field of computer hardware and software.
SOC Description
Analyze, test, troubleshoot, and evaluate existing network systems, such as local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), cloud networks, servers, and other data communications networks. Perform network maintenance to ensure networks operate correctly with minimal interruption. Excludes ??Computer Network Architects? (15-1241) and ??Network and Computer Systems Administrators? (15-1244).
SOC Description
Provide technical assistance to computer users. Answer questions or resolve computer problems for clients in person, via telephone, or electronically. May provide assistance concerning the use of computer hardware and software, including printing, installation, word processing, electronic mail, and operating systems. Excludes ??Network and Computer Systems Administrators? (15-1244).
SOC Description
Design and implement computer and information networks, such as local area networks (LAN), wide area networks (WAN), intranets, extranets, and other data communications networks. Perform network modeling, analysis, and planning, including analysis of capacity needs for network infrastructures. May also design network and computer security measures. May research and recommend network and data communications hardware and software. Excludes ??Information Security Analysts? (15-1212), ??Computer Network Support Specialists? (15-1231), and ??Network and Computer Systems Administrators? (15-1244).
SOC Description
Install, configure, and maintain an organization??s local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), data communications network, operating systems, and physical and virtual servers. Perform system monitoring and verify the integrity and availability of hardware, network, and server resources and systems. Review system and application logs and verify completion of scheduled jobs, including system backups. Analyze network and server resource consumption and control user access. Install and upgrade software and maintain software licenses. May assist in network modeling, analysis, planning, and coordination between network and data communications hardware and software. Excludes ??Information Security Analysts? (15-1212), ??Computer Network Support Specialists? (15-1231), and ??Computer User Support Specialists? (15-1232).
SOC Description
Design strategies for enterprise databases, data warehouse systems, and multidimensional networks. Set standards for database operations, programming, query processes, and security. Model, design, and construct large relational databases or data warehouses. Create and optimize data models for warehouse infrastructure and workflow. Integrate new systems with existing warehouse structure and refine system performance and functionality. Excludes ??Database Administrators? (15-1242).
SOC Description
Administer, test, and implement computer databases, applying knowledge of database management systems. Coordinate changes to computer databases. Identify, investigate, and resolve database performance issues, database capacity, and database scalability. May plan, coordinate, and implement security measures to safeguard computer databases. Excludes ??Information Security Analysts? (15-1212) and ??Database Architects? (15-1243).
SOC Description
Create, modify, and test the code and scripts that allow computer applications to run. Work from specifications drawn up by software and web developers or other individuals. May develop and write computer programs to store, locate, and retrieve specific documents, data, and information.
SOC Description
Research, design, and develop computer and network software or specialized utility programs. Analyze user needs and develop software solutions, applying principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis. Update software or enhance existing software capabilities. May work with computer hardware engineers to integrate hardware and software systems, and develop specifications and performance requirements. May maintain databases within an application area, working individually or coordinating database development as part of a team.
SOC Description
Develop and execute software tests to identify software problems and their causes. Test system modifications to prepare for implementation. Document software and application defects using a bug tracking system and report defects to software or web developers. Create and maintain databases of known defects. May participate in software design reviews to provide input on functional requirements, operational characteristics, product designs, and schedules.
SOC Description
Develop and implement websites, web applications, application databases, and interactive web interfaces. Evaluate code to ensure that it is properly structured, meets industry standards, and is compatible with browsers and devices. Optimize website performance, scalability, and server-side code and processes. May develop website infrastructure and integrate websites with other computer applications. Excludes ??Special Effects Artists and Animators? (27-1014).
SOC Description
Design digital user interfaces or websites. Develop and test layouts, interfaces, functionality, and navigation menus to ensure compatibility and usability across browsers or devices. May use web framework applications as well as client-side code and processes. May evaluate web design following web and accessibility standards, and may analyze web use metrics and optimize websites for marketability and search engine ranking. May design and test interfaces that facilitate the human-computer interaction and maximize the usability of digital devices, websites, and software with a focus on aesthetics and design. May create graphics used in websites and manage website content and links. Excludes ??Special Effects Artists and Animators? (27-1014) and ??Graphic Designers? (27-1024).
SOC Description
All computer occupations not listed separately. Excludes ??Computer and Information Systems Managers? (11-3021), ??Computer Hardware Engineers? (17-2061), ??Electrical and Electronics Engineers? (17-2070), ??Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1021), ??Special Effects Artists and Animators? (27-1014), ??Graphic Designers? (27-1024), ??Health Information Technologists and Medical Registrars? (29-9021), and ??Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers? (49-2011).
Mathematical Science Occupations
SOC Description
Analyze statistical data, such as mortality, accident, sickness, disability, and retirement rates and construct probability tables to forecast risk and liability for payment of future benefits. May ascertain insurance rates required and cash reserves necessary to ensure payment of future benefits.
SOC Example
Actuarial Mathematician, Health Actuary, Insurance Actuary
SOC Description
Conduct research in fundamental mathematics or in application of mathematical techniques to science, management, and other fields. Solve problems in various fields using mathematical methods.
SOC Example
Algebraist, Cryptographer, Cryptographic Vulnerability Analyst
SOC Description
Formulate and apply mathematical modeling and other optimizing methods to develop and interpret information that assists management with decisionmaking, policy formulation, or other managerial functions. May collect and analyze data and develop decision support software, services, or products. May develop and supply optimal time, cost, or logistics networks for program evaluation, review, or implementation.
SOC Example
Operations Analyst, Procedure Analyst, Process Analyst
SOC Description
Develop or apply mathematical or statistical theory and methods to collect, organize, interpret, and summarize numerical data to provide usable information. May specialize in fields such as biostatistics, agricultural statistics, business statistics, or economic statistics. Includes mathematical and survey statisticians. Excludes ??Survey Researchers? (19-3022).
SOC Example
Biostatistician, Statistical Analyst, Time Study Statistician
SOC Description
Develop and implement a set of techniques or analytics applications to transform raw data into meaningful information using data-oriented programming languages and visualization software. Apply data mining, data modeling, natural language processing, and machine learning to extract and analyze information from large structured and unstructured datasets. Visualize, interpret, and report data findings. May create dynamic data reports. Excludes ??Statisticians? (15-2041), ??Cartographers and Photogrammetrists? (17-1021), and ??Health Information Technologists and Medical Registrars? (29-9021).
SOC Description
All mathematical scientists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Harmonic Analyst, Geometrician, Weight Analyst
Architects, Surveyors, and Cartographers
SOC Description
Plan and design structures, such as private residences, office buildings, theaters, factories, and other structural property. Excludes ??Landscape Architects? (17-1012) and ??Marine Engineers and Naval Architects? (17-2121).
SOC Example
Building Architect, Building Architectural Designer, Structural Architect
SOC Description
Plan and design land areas for projects such as parks and other recreational facilities, airports, highways, hospitals, schools, land subdivisions, and commercial, industrial, and residential sites.
SOC Example
Golf Course Architect, Golf Course Designer, Landscape Designer
SOC Description
Research, study, and prepare maps and other spatial data in digital or graphic form for one or more purposes, such as legal, social, political, educational, and design purposes. May work with Geographic Information Systems (GIS). May design and evaluate algorithms, data structures, and user interfaces for GIS and mapping systems. May collect, analyze, and interpret geographic information provided by geodetic surveys, aerial photographs, and satellite data.
SOC Example
Digital Cartographer, Mapper, Topographer
SOC Description
Make exact measurements and determine property boundaries. Provide data relevant to the shape, contour, gravitation, location, elevation, or dimension of land or land features on or near the earth??s surface for engineering, mapmaking, mining, land evaluation, construction, and other purposes.
SOC Example
Geodetic Surveyor, Land Surveyor, Mineral Surveyor
Engineers
SOC Description
Perform engineering duties in designing, constructing, and testing aircraft, missiles, and spacecraft. May conduct basic and applied research to evaluate adaptability of materials and equipment to aircraft design and manufacture. May recommend improvements in testing equipment and techniques.
SOC Example
Aeronautical Engineer, Aircraft Design Engineer, Flight Test Engineer
SOC Description
Apply knowledge of engineering technology and biological science to agricultural problems concerned with power and machinery, electrification, structures, soil and water conservation, and processing of agricultural products.
SOC Example
Agricultural Production Engineer, Agricultural Research Engineer, Farm Equipment Engineer
SOC Description
Apply knowledge of engineering, biology, chemistry, computer science, and biomechanical principles to the design, development, and evaluation of biological, agricultural, and health systems and products, such as artificial organs, prostheses, instrumentation, medical information systems, and heath management and care delivery systems.
SOC Example
Biomaterials Engineer, Bio-Mechanical Engineer, Dialysis Engineer
SOC Description
Design chemical plant equipment and devise processes for manufacturing chemicals and products, such as gasoline, synthetic rubber, plastics, detergents, cement, paper, and pulp, by applying principles and technology of chemistry, physics, and engineering.
SOC Example
Fuels Engineer, Plastics Engineer, Polymerization Engineer
SOC Description
Perform engineering duties in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of building structures and facilities, such as roads, railroads, airports, bridges, harbors, channels, dams, irrigation projects, pipelines, power plants, and water and sewage systems. Includes architectural, structural, traffic, and geotechnical engineers. Excludes ??Hydrologists? (19-2043).
SOC Example
Bridge Engineer, Construction Engineer, Highway Engineer
SOC Description
Research, design, develop, or test computer or computer-related equipment for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use. May supervise the manufacturing and installation of computer or computer-related equipment and components. Excludes ??Software Developers? (15-1252) and ??Web Developers? (15-1254).
SOC Example
Computer Hardware Designer, Computer Hardware Developer
SOC Description
Research, design, develop, test, or supervise the manufacturing and installation of electrical equipment, components, or systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use. Excludes ??Computer Hardware Engineers? (17-2061).
SOC Example
Electrical Systems Engineer, Illuminating Engineer, Power Distribution Engineer
SOC Description
Research, design, develop, or test electronic components and systems for commercial, industrial, military, or scientific use employing knowledge of electronic theory and materials properties. Design electronic circuits and components for use in fields such as telecommunications, aerospace guidance and propulsion control, acoustics, or instruments and controls. Excludes ??Computer Hardware Engineers? (17-2061).
SOC Example
Circuit Design Engineer, Electronic Design Automation Engineer, Telecommunication Engineer
SOC Description
Research, design, plan, or perform engineering duties in the prevention, control, and remediation of environmental hazards using various engineering disciplines. Work may include waste treatment, site remediation, or pollution control technology.
SOC Example
Environmental Remediation Engineer, Pollution Control Engineer, Soil Engineer, Water Treatment Plant Engineer
SOC Description
Promote worksite or product safety by applying knowledge of industrial processes, mechanics, chemistry, psychology, and industrial health and safety laws. Includes industrial product safety engineers.
SOC Example
Fire Protection Engineer, Industrial Safety Engineer, Product Safety Engineer
SOC Description
Design, develop, test, and evaluate integrated systems for managing industrial production processes, including human work factors, quality control, inventory control, logistics and material flow, cost analysis, and production coordination. Excludes ??Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and Inspectors? (17-2111).
SOC Example
Efficiency Engineer, Manufacturing Engineer, Packaging Engineer, Production Engineer
SOC Description
Design, develop, and evaluate the operation of marine vessels, ship machinery, and related equipment, such as power supply and propulsion systems.
SOC Example
Marine Architect, Marine Structural Designer, Naval Engineer
SOC Description
Evaluate materials and develop machinery and processes to manufacture materials for use in products that must meet specialized design and performance specifications. Develop new uses for known materials. Includes those engineers working with composite materials or specializing in one type of material, such as graphite, metal and metal alloys, ceramics and glass, plastics and polymers, and naturally occurring materials. Includes metallurgists and metallurgical engineers, ceramic engineers, and welding engineers.
SOC Example
Automotive Sheet Metal Engineer, Forensic Materials Engineer, Metallographer
SOC Description
Perform engineering duties in planning and designing tools, engines, machines, and other mechanically functioning equipment. Oversee installation, operation, maintenance, and repair of equipment such as centralized heat, gas, water, and steam systems.
SOC Example
Combustion Engineer, Engine Designer, Heating and Cooling Systems Engineer, Tool and Die Engineer
SOC Description
Conduct subsurface surveys to identify the characteristics of potential land or mining development sites. May specify the ground support systems, processes, and equipment for safe, economical, and environmentally sound extraction or underground construction activities. May inspect areas for unsafe geological conditions, equipment, and working conditions. May design, implement, and coordinate mine safety programs. Excludes ??Petroleum Engineers? (17-2171).
SOC Example
Geophysical Engineer, Mineral Engineer, Seismic Engineer
SOC Description
Conduct research on nuclear engineering projects or apply principles and theory of nuclear science to problems concerned with release, control, and use of nuclear energy and nuclear waste disposal.
SOC Example
Atomic process Engineer, Nuclear Radiation Engineer, Radiation Engineer, Reactor Engineer
SOC Description
Devise methods to improve oil and gas extraction and production and determine the need for new or modified tool designs. Oversee drilling and offer technical advice.
SOC Example
Natural Gas Engineer, Oil Drilling Engineer, oil Exploration Engineer
SOC Description
All engineers not listed separately. Excludes ??Sales Engineers? (41-9031), ??Locomotive Engineers? (53-4011), and ??Ship Engineers? (53-5031).
SOC Example
Optical Engineer, Ordnance Engineer, Photonics Engineer, Salvage Engineer
Drafters, Engineering Technicians, and Mapping Technicians
SOC Description
All drafters not listed separately.
SOC Example
Blueprint Tracer, Geological Drafter, Marine Drafter
SOC Description
Prepare detailed working diagrams of machinery and mechanical devices, including dimensions, fastening methods, and other engineering information.
SOC Example
Aeronautical Drafter, Automotive Design Drafter, Tool and Die Designer
SOC Description
Prepare detailed drawings of architectural and structural features of buildings or drawings and topographical relief maps used in civil engineering projects, such as highways, bridges, and public works. Use knowledge of building materials, engineering practices, and mathematics to complete drawings.
SOC Example
Building Drafter, Civil Computer-Aided Design and Drafting Technician, Structural Drafter
SOC Description
Prepare wiring diagrams, circuit board assembly diagrams, and layout drawings used for the manufacture, installation, or repair of electrical equipment.
SOC Example
Electrical Computer Aided Design and Drafting Technician, Electrical Systems Drafter, Printed Circuit Board Drafter
SOC Description
Apply theory and principles of civil engineering in planning, designing, and overseeing construction and maintenance of structures and facilities under the direction of engineering staff or physical scientists.
SOC Example
Geotechnical Engineering Technician, Highway Engineering Technician, Structural Engineering Technician
SOC Description
Apply electrical and electronic theory and related knowledge, usually under the direction of engineering staff, to design, build, repair, adjust, and modify electrical components, circuitry, controls, and machinery for subsequent evaluation and use by engineering staff in making engineering design decisions. Excludes ??Broadcast Technicians? (27-4012).
SOC Example
Electrical Design Technician, Lighting Engineering Technician, Semiconductor Development Technician
SOC Description
Operate, test, maintain, or adjust unmanned, automated, servomechanical, or electromechanical equipment. May operate unmanned submarines, aircraft, or other equipment to observe or record visual information at sites such as oil rigs, crop fields, buildings, or for similar infrastructure, deep ocean exploration, or hazardous waste removal. May assist engineers in testing and designing robotics equipment.
SOC Example
Drone Pilots
SOC Description
Apply theory and principles of environmental engineering to modify, test, and operate equipment and devices used in the prevention, control, and remediation of environmental problems, including waste treatment and site remediation, under the direction of engineering staff or scientists. May assist in the development of environmental remediation devices.
SOC Example
Air Analysis Engineering Technician, Environmental Remediation Engineering Technician, Pollution Control Engineering Technician
SOC Description
Apply engineering theory and principles to problems of industrial layout or manufacturing production, usually under the direction of engineering staff. May perform time and motion studies on worker operations in a variety of industries for purposes such as establishing standard production rates or improving efficiency.
SOC Example
Motion Study Technician, Production Control Technologist, Time Study Technician
SOC Description
Apply theory and principles of mechanical engineering to modify, develop, test, or adjust machinery and equipment under direction of engineering staff or physical scientists.
SOC Example
Gyroscope Engineering Technician, Heat Transfer Technician, Optomechanical Technician
SOC Description
Execute or adapt procedures and techniques for calibrating measurement devices, by applying knowledge of measurement science, mathematics, physics, chemistry, and electronics, sometimes under the direction of engineering staff. Determine measurement standard suitability for calibrating measurement devices. May perform preventive maintenance on equipment. May perform corrective actions to address identified calibration problems. Excludes ??Medical Equipment Preparers? (31-9093) and ??Timing Device Assemblers and Adjusters? (51-2061).
SOC Description
All engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters, not listed separately.
SOC Example
Agricultural Engineering Technician, Biomedical Engineering Technician, Metallurgical Engineering Technician, Optical Engineering Technician
SOC Description
Operate, install, adjust, and maintain integrated computer/communications systems, consoles, simulators, and other data acquisition, test, and measurement instruments and equipment, which are used to launch, track, position, and evaluate air and space vehicles. May record and interpret test data.
SOC Example
Altitude Chamber Technician, Flight Data Technician, Wind Tunnel Technician
SOC Description
Perform surveying and mapping duties, usually under the direction of an engineer, surveyor, cartographer, or photogrammetrist, to obtain data used for construction, mapmaking, boundary location, mining, or other purposes. May calculate mapmaking information and create maps from source data, such as surveying notes, aerial photography, satellite data, or other maps to show topographical features, political boundaries, and other features. May verify accuracy and completeness of maps. Excludes ??Cartographers and Photogrammetrists? (17-1021), ??Surveyors" (17-1022), and ??Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers? (19-2042).
SOC Example
Cartographic Technician, Field Map Technician, GIS Mapping Technician
Life Scientists
SOC Description
Conduct research in the genetics, nutrition, reproduction, growth, and development of domestic farm animals.
SOC Example
Animal Nutritionist, Dairy Scientist, Poultry Scientist
SOC Description
Use chemistry, microbiology, engineering, and other sciences to study the principles underlying the processing and deterioration of foods; analyze food content to determine levels of vitamins, fat, sugar, and protein; discover new food sources; research ways to make processed foods safe, palatable, and healthful; and apply food science knowledge to determine best ways to process, package, preserve, store, and distribute food.
SOC Example
Dairy Bacteriologist, Enologist, Food Safety Scientist
SOC Description
Conduct research in breeding, physiology, production, yield, and management of crops and agricultural plants or trees, shrubs, and nursery stock, their growth in soils, and control of pests; or study the chemical, physical, biological, and mineralogical composition of soils as they relate to plant or crop growth. May classify and map soils and investigate effects of alternative practices on soil and crop productivity.
SOC Example
Arboreal Scientist, Horticulturist, Plant Physiologist
SOC Description
Study the chemical composition or physical principles of living cells and organisms, their electrical and mechanical energy, and related phenomena. May conduct research to further understanding of the complex chemical combinations and reactions involved in metabolism, reproduction, growth, and heredity. May determine the effects of foods, drugs, serums, hormones, and other substances on tissues and vital processes of living organisms.
SOC Example
Biological Chemist, Clinical Biochemist, Physical Biochemist
SOC Description
All biological scientists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Embryologist, Osteologist, Paleobotanist
SOC Description
Protected Species Observers (PSOs) are professionals who provide environmental consulting services dealing with regulatory compliance for a wide range of industries (Geophysical, Dredging, Construction, Telecommunications, Research, etc.). PSOs are involved in a wide range of monitoring activities such as standard visual monitoring, passive and active acoustic monitoring, aerial surveys, dirigible and ROV surveys among others. Duties and responsibilities are fairly similar across-the-board for all Observers. Much work is recording data; following technical instructions; recording and observing marine mammals and other endangered species such as polar bears, eagles etc.; following protocols; and ensuring no harm or harassment towards marine mammals occurs.
SOC Example
Marine Mammal Observers [MMO], Marine Mammal & Seabird Observers [MMSO], Endangered Species Observers [ESO], Dredge Observers, Marine Fauna Observers [MFO], Monitors
SOC Description
Study the origins, behavior, diseases, genetics, and life processes of animals and wildlife. May specialize in wildlife research and management. May collect and analyze biological data to determine the environmental effects of present and potential use of land and water habitats.
SOC Example
Herpetologist, Ichthyologist, Marine Biologist, Ornithologist
SOC Description
Investigate the growth, structure, development, and other characteristics of microscopic organisms, such as bacteria, algae, or fungi. Includes medical microbiologists who study the relationship between organisms and disease or the effects of antibiotics on microorganisms.
SOC Example
Medical Microbiologist, Microbiologist
SOC Description
Manage, improve, and protect natural resources to maximize their use without damaging the environment. May conduct soil surveys and develop plans to eliminate soil erosion or to protect rangelands. May instruct farmers, agricultural production managers, or ranchers in best ways to use crop rotation, contour plowing, or terracing to conserve soil and water; in the number and kind of livestock and forage plants best suited to particular ranges; and in range and farm improvements, such as fencing and reservoirs for stock watering. Excludes ??Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists? (19-1023) and ??Foresters? (19-1032).
SOC Example
Grassland Conservationist, Range Ecologist, Soil Conservationist
SOC Description
Manage public and private forested lands for economic, recreational, and conservation purposes. May inventory the type, amount, and location of standing timber, appraise the timber??s worth, negotiate the purchase, and draw up contracts for procurement. May determine how to conserve wildlife habitats, creek beds, water quality, and soil stability, and how best to comply with environmental regulations. May devise plans for planting and growing new trees, monitor trees for healthy growth, and determine optimal harvesting schedules.
SOC Example
Environmental Protection Forester, Forest Ecologist, Timber Management Specialist
SOC Description
Investigate and describe the determinants and distribution of disease, disability, or health outcomes. May develop the means for prevention and control.
SOC Example
Epidemiology Investigator, Malariologist, Pharmacoepidemiologist
SOC Description
Conduct research dealing with the understanding of human diseases and the improvement of human health. Engage in clinical investigation, research and development, or other related activities. Includes physicians, dentists, pharmacologists, and medical pathologists who primarily conduct research. Practitioners who primarily provide medical or dental care or dispense drugs are included in ??Healthcare Diagnosing or Treating Practitioners? (29-1000).
SOC Example
Cancer Researcher, Immunochemist, Toxicologist
SOC Description
All life scientists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Life Science Taxonomist
Physical Scientists
SOC Description
Observe, research, and interpret astronomical phenomena to increase basic knowledge or apply such information to practical problems.
SOC Example
Astrophysicist
SOC Description
Conduct research into physical phenomena, develop theories on the basis of observation and experiments, and devise methods to apply physical laws and theories. Excludes ??Biochemists and Biophysicists? (19-1021).
SOC Example
Fluid Dynamicist, Molecular Physicist, Optical Scientist, Rheologist
SOC Description
Investigate atmospheric phenomena and interpret meteorological data, gathered by surface and air stations, satellites, and radar to prepare reports and forecasts for public and other uses. Includes weather analysts and forecasters whose functions require the detailed knowledge of meteorology.
SOC Example
Atmospheric Chemist, Climatologist, Hurricane Tracker, Meteorologist
SOC Description
Research and study the structures and chemical properties of various natural and synthetic or composite materials, including metals, alloys, rubber, ceramics, semiconductors, polymers, and glass. Determine ways to strengthen or combine materials or develop new materials with new or specific properties for use in a variety of products and applications. Includes glass scientists, ceramic scientists, metallurgical scientists, and polymer scientists.
SOC Example
Metal Alloy Scientist, Plastics Scientist
SOC Description
Conduct qualitative and quantitative chemical analyses or experiments in laboratories for quality or process control or to develop new products or knowledge. Excludes ??Biochemists and Biophysicists? (19-1021) and ??Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers? (19-2042).
SOC Example
Food Chemist, Industrial Chemist, Inorganic Chemist, Research and Development Chemist
SOC Description
Conduct research or perform investigation for the purpose of identifying, abating, or eliminating sources of pollutants or hazards that affect either the environment or public health. Using knowledge of various scientific disciplines, may collect, synthesize, study, report, and recommend action based on data derived from measurements or observations of air, food, soil, water, and other sources. Excludes ??Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists? (19-1023), ??Conservation Scientists? (19-1031), ??Forest and Conservation Technicians? (19-4071), ??Occupational Health and Safety Specialists? (19-5011), ??Fish and Game Wardens? (33-3031), and ??Forest and Conservation Workers? (45-4011).
SOC Example
Environmental Analyst, Water Pollution Specialist, Hazardous Substances Scientist, Health Environmentalist, Water Pollution Scientist
SOC Description
Study the composition, structure, and other physical aspects of the Earth. May use geological, physics, and mathematics knowledge in exploration for oil, gas, minerals, or underground water; or in waste disposal, land reclamation, or other environmental problems. May study the Earth??s internal composition, atmospheres, and oceans, and its magnetic, electrical, and gravitational forces. Includes mineralogists, paleontologists, stratigraphers, geodesists, and seismologists.
SOC Example
Oceanographer, Paleontologist, Seismologist, Geochemist, Volcanologist
SOC Description
Research the distribution, circulation, and physical properties of underground and surface waters; and study the form and intensity of precipitation and its rate of infiltration into the soil, movement through the earth, and return to the ocean and atmosphere.
SOC Example
Hydrogeologist, Hydrologists, Isotope Hydrologist, Surface Hydrologist
SOC Description
All physical scientists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Inventor; Research Scientist, Except Medical and Social Sciences; Scientist/N.S. Associate Degree or Higher
Social Scientists and Related Workers
SOC Description
Conduct research, prepare reports, or formulate plans to address economic problems related to the production and distribution of goods and services or monetary and fiscal policy. May collect and process economic and statistical data using sampling techniques and econometric methods. Excludes ??Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists? (13-1161).
SOC Example
Econometrician, Economic Research Analyst, Enviromental Economist, Industrial Economist
SOC Description
Plan, develop, or conduct surveys. May analyze and interpret the meaning of survey data, determine survey objectives, or suggest or test question wording. Includes social scientists who primarily design questionnaires or supervise survey teams. Excludes ??Market Research Analysts and Marketing Specialists? (13-1161) and ??Statisticians? (15-2041).
SOC Example
Pollster, Survey Methodologist, Survey Questionnaire Designer
SOC Description
Apply principles of psychology to human resources, administration, management, sales, and marketing problems. Activities may include policy planning; employee testing and selection, training, and development; and organizational development and analysis. May work with management to organize the work setting to improve worker productivity.
SOC Example
Engineering Psychologist, Human Resources Psychologist, Management Psychologist
SOC Description
Assess, diagnose, and treat mental and emotional disorders of individuals through observation, interview, and psychological tests. Help individuals with distress or maladjustment understand their problems through their knowledge of case history, interviews with patients, and theory. Provide individual or group counseling services to assist individuals in achieving more effective personal, social, educational, and vocational development and adjustment. May design behavior modification programs and consult with medical personnel regarding the best treatment for patients. Excludes ??Psychiatrists? (29-1223).
SOC Example
Psychologist, Clinical Psychologist, Forensic Psychologist, Child Psychologist, Clinical Therapist, Out-Patient Therapist, Pediatric Psychologist, Behavioral Psychologist, Eating Disorder Specialist, Sex Offender Treatment Professional, Therapist
SOC Description
Diagnose and implement individual or schoolwide interventions or strategies to address educational, behavioral, or developmental issues that adversely impact educational functioning in a school. May address student learning and behavioral problems and counsel students or families. May design and implement performance plans, and evaluate performance. May consult with other school-based personnel.
SOC Description
All psychologists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Forensic Psychologist, Social Psychologist, Sports Psychologist
SOC Description
Study human society and social behavior by examining the groups and social institutions that people form, as well as various social, religious, political, and business organizations. May study the behavior and interaction of groups, trace their origin and growth, and analyze the influence of group activities on individual members.
SOC Example
Criminologist, Family Sociologist, Rural Sociologist
SOC Description
Develop comprehensive plans and programs for use of land and physical facilities of jurisdictions, such as towns, cities, counties, and metropolitan areas.
SOC Example
City Planner, Community Development Planner
SOC Description
Research, analyze, record, and interpret the past as recorded in sources, such as government and institutional records, newspapers and other periodicals, photographs, interviews, films, electronic media, and unpublished manuscripts, such as personal diaries and letters.
SOC Example
Genealogist, Historiographer, Protohistorian
SOC Description
All social scientists and related workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Demographer, Ethnologist, Linguist
SOC Description
Study the origin, development, and operation of political systems. May study topics, such as public opinion, political decisionmaking, and ideology. May analyze the structure and operation of governments, as well as various political entities. May conduct public opinion surveys, analyze election results, or analyze public documents. Excludes ??Survey Researchers? (19-3022).
SOC Example
Government Affairs Specialist, Political Consultant, Political Research
SOC Description
Study the nature and use of areas of the Earth??s surface, relating and interpreting interactions of physical and cultural phenomena. Conduct research on physical aspects of a region, including land forms, climates, soils, plants, and animals, and conduct research on the spatial implications of human activities within a given area, including social characteristics, economic activities, and political organization, as well as researching interdependence between regions at scales ranging from local to global.
SOC Example
Economic Geographer, Geomorphologist, GIS Geographer, Political Geographer
SOC Description
Study the origin, development, and behavior of human beings. May study the way of life, language, or physical characteristics of people in various parts of the world. May engage in systematic recovery and examination of material evidence, such as tools or pottery remaining from past human cultures, in order to determine the history, customs, and living habits of earlier civilizations.
SOC Example
Ethonoarcheologist, Political Anthropologist, Research Archeologist
Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians
SOC Description
Work with agricultural scientists in plant, fiber, and animal research, or assist with animal breeding and nutrition. Set up or maintain laboratory equipment and collect samples from crops or animals. Prepare specimens or record data to assist scientists in biology or related life science experiments. Conduct tests and experiments to improve yield and quality of crops or to increase the resistance of plants and animals to disease or insects.
SOC Description
Work with food scientists or technologists to perform standardized qualitative and quantitative tests to determine physical or chemical properties of food or beverage products. Includes technicians who assist in research and development of production technology, quality control, packaging, processing, and use of foods.
SOC Description
Assist biological and medical scientists. Set up, operate, and maintain laboratory instruments and equipment, monitor experiments, collect data and samples, make observations, and calculate and record results. May analyze organic substances, such as blood, food, and drugs.
SOC Example
Bacteriology Technician, Marine Fisheries Technician, Wildlife Technician
SOC Description
Conduct chemical and physical laboratory tests to assist scientists in making qualitative and quantitative analyses of solids, liquids, and gaseous materials for research and development of new products or processes, quality control, maintenance of environmental standards, and other work involving experimental, theoretical, or practical application of chemistry and related sciences.
SOC Example
Assayer, Chemical Laboratory Technician, Inorganic Chemical Technician
SOC Description
Perform laboratory and field tests to monitor the environment and investigate sources of pollution, including those that affect health, under the direction of an environmental scientist, engineer, or other specialist. May collect samples of gases, soil, water, and other materials for testing.
SOC Description
Assist scientists or engineers in the use of electronic, sonic, or nuclear measuring instruments in laboratory, exploration, and production activities to obtain data indicating resources such as metallic ore, minerals, gas, coal, or petroleum. Analyze mud and drill cuttings. Chart pressure, temperature, and other characteristics of wells or bore holes.
SOC Example
Crude Tester, Geophysical Prospector, Seismic Observer
SOC Description
Collect and organize data concerning the distribution and circulation of ground and surface water, and data on its physical, chemical, and biological properties. Measure and report on flow rates and ground water levels, maintain field equipment, collect water samples, install and collect sampling equipment, and process samples for shipment to testing laboratories. May collect data on behalf of hydrologists, engineers, developers, government agencies, or agriculture. Excludes ??Hydrologists? (19-2043).
SOC Description
Assist nuclear physicists, nuclear engineers, or other scientists in laboratory, power generation, or electricity production activities. May operate, maintain, or provide quality control for nuclear testing and research equipment. May monitor radiation.
SOC Example
Nuclear Monitoring Technician, Radiochemical Technician
SOC Description
Assist social scientists in laboratory, survey, and other social science research. May help prepare findings for publication and assist in laboratory analysis, quality control, or data management. Excludes ??Teaching Assistants, Postsecondary? (25-9044).
SOC Example
City Planning Aide, Economic Research Assistant, Historian Research Assistant
SOC Description
Provide technical assistance regarding the conservation of soil, water, forests, or related natural resources. May compile data pertaining to size, content, condition, and other characteristics of forest tracts under the direction of foresters, or train and lead forest workers in forest propagation and fire prevention and suppression. May assist conservation scientists in managing, improving, and protecting rangelands and wildlife habitats. Excludes ??Conservation Scientists? (19-1031) and ??Foresters? (19-1032).
SOC Description
Collect, identify, classify, and analyze physical evidence related to criminal investigations. Perform tests on weapons or substances, such as fiber, hair, and tissue to determine significance to investigation. May testify as expert witnesses on evidence or crime laboratory techniques. May serve as specialists in area of expertise, such as ballistics, fingerprinting, handwriting, or biochemistry.
SOC Example
Ballistics Expert, Crime Scene Technician, Trace Evidence Technician
SOC Description
Gather information, analyze, and present it; prepare findings for publication; maintain databases; etc.
SOC Description
All life, physical, and social science technicians not listed separately.
SOC Example
Meteorological Aide, Polygraph Examiner
SOC Description
Perform research activities, design and conduct experiments, perform studies, analyze and interpret test results, maintain laboratory records, maintain laboratory stock, etc.
SOC Example
Research life Assistants, Physical Science Research Assistant
Occupational Health and Safety Specialists and Technicians
SOC Description
Collect data on work environments for analysis by occupational health and safety specialists. Implement and conduct evaluation of programs designed to limit chemical, physical, biological, and ergonomic risks to workers.
SOC Description
Review, evaluate, and analyze work environments and design programs and procedures to control, eliminate, and prevent disease or injury caused by chemical, physical, and biological agents or ergonomic factors. May conduct inspections and enforce adherence to laws and regulations governing the health and safety of individuals. May be employed in the public or private sector.
Counselors, Social Workers, and Other Community and Social Service Specialists
SOC Description
Counsel and advise individuals with alcohol, tobacco, drug, or other problems, such as gambling and eating disorders. May counsel individuals, families, or groups or engage in prevention programs. Excludes ??Psychologists? (19-3031 through 19-3039), ??Mental Health Counselors? (21-1014), and ??Social Workers? (21-1021 through 21-1029) providing these services.
SOC Example
Substance Abuse Counselor (SA Counselor), Chemical Dependency Counselor (CD Counselor, CDC I, II or III), Addictions Counselor, Clinical Counselor, Drug and Alcohol Treatment Specialist (DATS), Chemical Dependency Professional, Assessment Specialist, Cert
SOC Description
Advise and assist students and provide educational and vocational guidance services.
SOC Example
Career Counselor, Career Technical Counselor, Student Development Advisor
SOC Description
Diagnose and treat mental and emotional disorders, whether cognitive, affective, or behavioral, within the context of marriage and family systems. Apply psychotherapeutic and family systems theories and techniques in the delivery of services to individuals, couples, and families for the purpose of treating such diagnosed nervous and mental disorders. Excludes ??Psychologists? (19-3031 through 19-3039) and ??Social Workers? (21-1020).
SOC Example
Child and Family Counselor, Couples Therapist, Marriage Counselor
SOC Description
Counsel and advise individuals and groups to promote optimum mental and emotional health, with an emphasis on prevention. May help individuals deal with a broad range of mental health issues, such as those associated with addictions and substance abuse; family, parenting, and marital problems; stress management; self-esteem; or aging. Excludes ??Psychologists? (19-3030), ??Social Workers? (21-1020), and ??Psychiatrists? (29-1223).
SOC Example
Therapist, Behavioral Health Counselor, Behavioral Health Clinician, Community Mental Health Professional, Mental Health Counselor, Behavioral Health Clinical Associate
SOC Description
Address community behavioral health problems including alcohol, drug, and tobacco abuse and mental health disorders such as grief, depression, suicide, and related issues. Seek balance in the community by developing solutions that are sensitive to cultural needs. Promote healthy individuals, families, and communities in Alaska Native villages. Includes all BHA levels. Includes Village Counselors.
SOC Example
Behavioral Health Aide I, BHA I, Behavioral Health Aide II, BHA II, Behavioral Health Aide III, BHA III, Behavioral Health Aide Practitioner, Village Counselor
SOC Description
Counsel individuals to maximize the independence and employability of persons coping with personal, social, and vocational difficulties that result from birth defects, illness, disease, accidents, aging, or the stress of daily life. Coordinate activities for residents of care and treatment facilities. Assess client needs and design and implement rehabilitation programs that may include personal and vocational counseling, training, and job placement. Excludes ??Occupational Therapists? (29-1122).
SOC Example
Psychosocial Rehabilitation Counselor, Veterans Rehabilitation Counselor, Vocational Rehabilitation Counselor
SOC Description
All counselors not listed separately.
SOC Example
Anger Control Counselor, Grief Counselor, Sexual Assault Counselor
SOC Description
Assess and treat individuals with mental, emotional, or substance abuse problems, including abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and/or other drugs. Activities may include individual and group therapy, crisis intervention, case management, client advocacy, prevention, and education.
SOC Example
Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), Clinical Social Worker, Therapist
SOC Description
All social workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Criminal Justice Social Worker, Forensic Social Worker, Sexual Assault Social Worker
SOC Description
Develop, implement and carry out care plans developed by a psychologist, social worker, or other behavioral health clinician. Provide individuals, families, and groups with the psychosocial support needed to cope with chronic, acute, or terminal illnesses. Services include advising family care givers, providing patient education and counseling, and referrals for other services in the areas of mental health, developmental disabilities and senior and long-term care. May also provide care and case management or interventions to promote health, prevent disease, and address barriers to health care access.
SOC Example
Case Manager, Care Coordinator - Behavioral Health, Behavioral Health Case Manager, Mental Health Care Coordinator, Social Services Aide, ADRC Information Specialist, Care Coordinator
SOC Description
Provide individuals, families, and groups with the psychosocial support needed to cope with chronic, acute, or terminal illnesses. Services include advising family caregivers. Provide patients with information and counseling, and make referrals for other services. May also provide case and care management or interventions designed to promote health, prevent disease, and address barriers to access to healthcare.
SOC Example
Hospice Social Worker, Oncology Social Worker, Public Health Social Worker
SOC Description
Provide social services and assistance to improve the social and psychological functioning of children and their families and to maximize the family well-being and the academic functioning of children. May assist parents, arrange adoptions, and find foster homes for abandoned or abused children. In schools, they address such problems as teenage pregnancy, misbehavior, and truancy. May also advise teachers.
SOC Example
Certified Children, Youth, and Family Social Worker, Child Abuse Worker, Foster Care Worker
SOC Description
Provide and manage health education programs that help individuals, families, and their communities maximize and maintain healthy lifestyles. Use data to identify community needs prior to planning, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating programs designed to encourage healthy lifestyles, policies, and environments. May link health systems, health providers, insurers, and patients to address individual and population health needs. May serve as resource to assist individuals, other health professionals, or the community, and may administer fiscal resources for health education programs. Excludes ??Community Health Workers? (21-1094).
SOC Example
Community Health Education Coordinator, Diabetes Educator, Public Health Educator
SOC Description
As an entry level health educator, implement health promotion and health education activities in their community under the direction of a more experienced health educator. Typically work in Alaska Native villages and are trained by tribal health organizations.
SOC Example
Village Health Educator, Village Educator
SOC Description
Provide social services to assist in rehabilitation of law offenders in custody or on probation or parole. Make recommendations for actions involving formulation of rehabilitation plan and treatment of offender, including conditional release and education and employment stipulations.
SOC Example
Juvenile Probation Officer, Parole Agent, Parole Officer
SOC Description
Assist other social and human service providers in providing client services in a wide variety of fields, such as psychology, rehabilitation, or social work, including support for families. May assist clients in identifying and obtaining available benefits and social and community services. May assist social workers with developing, organizing, and conducting programs to prevent and resolve problems relevant to substance abuse, human relationships, rehabilitation, or dependent care. Excludes ??Rehabilitation Counselors? (21-1015), ??Psychiatric Technicians? (29-2053), ??Personal Care Aides? (31-1122), and ??Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs? (43-4061).
SOC Example
Case Work Aide, Family Service Assistant, Human Services Worker
SOC Description
Promote health within a community by assisting individuals to adopt healthy behaviors. Serve as an advocate for the health needs of individuals by assisting community residents in effectively communicating with healthcare providers or social service agencies. Act as liaison or advocate and implement programs that promote, maintain, and improve individual and overall community health. May deliver health-related preventive services such as blood pressure, glaucoma, and hearing screenings. May collect data to help identify community health needs. Excludes ??Health Education Specialists? (21-1091).
SOC Example
Community Health Aide, CHA I, CHA II, CHA III
SOC Description
Visit clients in the home and refer them to the proper health facility. Explain available health programs and the policies and procedures community members must abide by when seeking health care. Organize community health promotion and disease prevention events. Educate people about the health hazards of alcohol use, cigarette smoking, poor eating habits, and poor hygiene. Offer transportation to health promotion facilities for those in need. Enter diagnostic patient-specific data into official patient medical records. Primarily reside in the Indian Health Services system.
SOC Example
Community Health Representative, Village Health Worker, Village Health Representative
SOC Description
All community and social service specialists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Community Organization Worker, Veterans Service Officer
Religious Workers
SOC Description
Conduct religious worship and perform other spiritual functions associated with beliefs and practices of religious faith or denomination. Provide spiritual and moral guidance and assistance to members.
SOC Example
Imam, Priest, Rabbi
SOC Description
Coordinate or design programs and conduct outreach to promote the religious education or activities of a denominational group. May provide counseling, guidance, and leadership relative to marital, health, financial, and religious problems.
SOC Example
Religious Education Director, Youth Ministry Director
SOC Description
All religious workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Missionary, Mohel, Verger
Lawyers, Judges, and Related Workers
SOC Description
Assist judges in court or by conducting research or preparing legal documents. Excludes ??Lawyers? (23-1011) and ??Paralegals and Legal Assistants? (23-2011).
SOC Example
Judicial Clerk, Borough Clerk
SOC Description
Represent clients in criminal and civil litigation and other legal proceedings, draw up legal documents, or manage or advise clients on legal transactions. May specialize in a single area or may practice broadly in many areas of law.
SOC Example
Attorney, Corporate Counsel, Public Defender
SOC Description
Conduct hearings to recommend or make decisions on claims concerning government programs or other government-related matters. Determine liability, sanctions, or penalties, or recommend the acceptance or rejection of claims or settlements. Excludes ??Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators? (23-1022).
SOC Example
Appeals Examiner, Justice of the Peace, Traffic Court Referee
SOC Description
Facilitate negotiation and conflict resolution through dialogue. Resolve conflicts outside of the court system by mutual consent of parties involved.
SOC Example
Alternative Dispute Resolution Coordinator, Mediation Commissioner, Ombudsman
SOC Description
Arbitrate, advise, adjudicate, or administer justice in a court of law. May sentence defendant in criminal cases according to government statutes or sentencing guidelines. May determine liability of defendant in civil cases. May perform wedding ceremonies.
SOC Example
Circuit Court Judge, Justice, Tribal Judge
Legal Support Workers
SOC Description
Assist lawyers by investigating facts, preparing legal documents, or researching legal precedent. Conduct research to support a legal proceeding, to formulate a defense, or to initiate legal action. Excludes ??Legal Secretaries and Administrative Assistants? (43-6012).
SOC Example
Legal Aide
SOC Description
Search real estate records, examine titles, or summarize pertinent legal or insurance documents or details for a variety of purposes. May compile lists of mortgages, contracts, and other instruments pertaining to titles by searching public and private records for law firms, real estate agencies, or title insurance companies. Excludes ??Loan Officers? (13-2072).
SOC Example
Escrow Officer, Lien Searcher, Title Officer
SOC Description
All legal support workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Legal Technician
Postsecondary Teachers
SOC Description
Teach courses in business administration and management, such as accounting, finance, human resources, labor and industrial relations, marketing, and operations research. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Accounting Professor, Finance Professor, Marketing Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in computer science. May specialize in a field of computer science, such as the design and function of computers or operations and research analysis. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Computer Information Systems Professor, Information Technology Professor, Java Programming Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses pertaining to mathematical concepts, statistics, and actuarial science and to the application of original and standardized mathematical techniques in solving specific problems and situations. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Actuarial Sciences Professor, Calculus Professor, Statistics Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in architecture and architectural design, such as architectural environmental design, interior architecture/design, and landscape architecture. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Architectural Design Professor, Landscape Architecture Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses pertaining to the application of physical laws and principles of engineering for the development of machines, materials, instruments, processes, and services. Includes teachers of subjects such as chemical, civil, electrical, industrial, mechanical, mineral, and petroleum engineering. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research. Excludes ??Computer Science Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1021).
SOC Example
Aeronautical Engineering Professor, Civil Engineering Professor, Electrical Engineering Professor, Marine Engineering Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in forestry and conservation science. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research. Excludes ??Agricultural Science Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1041) and ??Environmental Science Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1053).
SOC Example
Forest Ecology Professor, Timber Management Professor, Wildlife Conservation Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in biological sciences. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Bacteriology Professor, Biochemistry Professor, Botany professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in the agricultural sciences. Includes teachers of agronomy, dairy sciences, fisheries management, horticultural sciences, poultry sciences, range management, and agricultural soil conservation. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research. Excludes ??Forestry and Conservation Science Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1043).
SOC Example
Agronomy Professor, Aquaculture and Fisheries Professor, Farm Management Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in the physical sciences, except chemistry and physics. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching, and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Climatology Professor, Geology Professor, Oceanography Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses pertaining to the chemical and physical properties and compositional changes of substances. Work may include providing instruction in the methods of qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching, and those who do a combination of teaching and research. Excludes ??Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1042) who teach biochemistry.
SOC Example
Inorganic Chemistry Professor, Organic Chemistry Professor, Physical Chemistry Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in environmental science. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research. Excludes ??Forestry and Conservation Science Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1043).
SOC Example
Environmental Science, Management, and Policy Professor; Environmental Studies Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses pertaining to the laws of matter and energy. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Astrophysics Professor, Ballistics Professor, Hydrodynamics Professor, Thermodynamics Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in anthropology or archeology. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Cultural anthropology Professor, Ethnoarchaeology Professor, Paleology Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses pertaining to the culture and development of an area, an ethnic group, or any other group, such as Latin American studies, women??s studies, or urban affairs. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Ethnology Professor, Latin American Studies Professor, Women's Studies Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in economics. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Agricultural Economics Professor, Econometrics professor, Labor Economics Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in geography. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Cartography Professor, Geomatics Professor, GIS Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in political science, international affairs, and international relations. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Government Professor, International Relations Professor, Public Policy Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in psychology, such as child, clinical, and developmental psychology, and psychological counseling. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Child Development Professor, Educational Psychology Professor, Industrial/Organizational Psychology Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in sociology. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Comparative Sociology Professor
SOC Description
All postsecondary social sciences teachers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Survey Research Professor, Urban Planning Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in health specialties, in fields such as dentistry, laboratory technology, medicine, pharmacy, public health, therapy, and veterinary medicine. Excludes ??Biological Science Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1042) and ??Nursing Instructors and Teachers, Postsecondary? (25-1072) who teach medical science.
SOC Example
Professor, Faculty, Term-Professor, Adjunct Faculty
SOC Description
Demonstrate and teach patient care in classroom and clinical units to nursing students. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Professor, Faculty, Term-Professor, Adjunct Faculty
SOC Description
Teach courses pertaining to education, such as counseling, curriculum, guidance, instruction, teacher education, and teaching English as a second language. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Primary Education Professor, Special Education Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in library science. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Library and Information Science Professor, Medical Records Library Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in criminal justice, corrections, and law enforcement administration. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Criminology Professor, Penology Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in law. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Constitutional Law Professor, Environmental Law Professor, Torts Law Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in social work. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Family Welfare Social Work Professor, Geriatric Social Work Professor, Health Social Work Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in drama, music, and the arts including fine and applied art, such as painting and sculpture, or design and crafts. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Ballet professor, Photography Professor, Piano Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in communications, such as organizational communications, public relations, radio/television broadcasting, and journalism. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Journalism Professor, Public Speaking Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in English language and literature, including linguistics and comparative literature. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Contemporary English Literature Professor, Creative Writing English Professor, Etymology Professor
SOC Description
Teach languages and literature courses in languages other than English. Includes teachers of American Sign Language (ASL). Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Chinese Language Professor, Russian Language Professor, Spanish Literature Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in human history and historiography. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
African History Professor, American History Professor, Jewish History Professor, Russian History Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses in philosophy, religion, and theology. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Divinity Professor, Eastern Philosophy Professor, Theology Professor
SOC Description
Teach courses pertaining to recreation, leisure, and fitness studies, including exercise physiology and facilities management. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Kinesiology Professor, Leisure Studies Professor, Physical Education (PE) Professor
SOC Description
All postsecondary teachers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Military Science Teacher, Project Management Professor
SOC Description
Teach vocational courses intended to provide occupational training below the baccalaureate level in subjects such as construction, mechanics/repair, manufacturing, transportation, or cosmetology, primarily to students who have graduated from or left high school. Teaching takes place in public or private schools whose primary business is academic or vocational education. Excludes ??Training and Development Specialists? (13-1151), ??Adult Basic Education, Adult Secondary Education, and English as a Second Language Instructors? (25-3011), and postsecondary teachers classified elsewhere in the 25-1000 minor group. Flight instructors are included with ??Aircraft Pilots and Flight Engineers? (53-2010).
SOC Example
Barbering Instructor, Cosmetology Professor, Mechanical Maintenance Instructor
SOC Description
Teach courses in childcare, family relations, finance, nutrition, and related subjects pertaining to home management. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
SOC Example
Family and Consumer Sciences Professor, Weaving Professor
Preschool, Elementary, Middle, Secondary, and Special Education Teachers
SOC Description
Instruct preschool-aged students, following curricula or lesson plans, in activities designed to promote social, physical, and intellectual growth. Excludes ??Special Education Teachers? (25-2050), ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031), and ??Childcare Workers? (39-9011).
SOC Example
Head Start Teacher, Nursery School Teacher, Pre-Kindergarten Teacher
SOC Description
Teach academic and social skills to kindergarten students. Excludes ??Special Education Teachers? (25-2050) and ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
SOC Example
Bilingual Kindergarten Teacher
SOC Description
Teach academic and social skills to students at the elementary school level. Excludes ??Special Education Teachers? (25-2050) and ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
SOC Description
Teach one or more subjects to students at the middle, intermediate, or junior high school level. Excludes ??Career/Technical Education Teachers, Middle School? (25-2023), ??Special Education Teachers? (25-2050), and ??Substitute Teachers, Short Term? (25-3031).
SOC Description
Teach occupational, vocational, career, or technical subjects to students at the middle, intermediate, or junior high school level. Excludes ??Special Education Teachers? (25-2050) and ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
SOC Description
Teach one or more subjects to students at the secondary school level. Excludes ??Career/Technical Education Teachers, Secondary School? (25-2032), ??Special Education Teachers? (25-2050), and ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
SOC Example
High School English Teacher, High School French Teacher, High School History Teacher
SOC Description
Teach occupational, vocational, career, or technical subjects to students at the secondary school level. Excludes ??Special Education Teachers? (25-2050), and ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
SOC Example
High School Auto Repair Teacher, High School Vocational Education Teacher
SOC Description
All special education teachers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Autism Tutor, Special Education Teacher for Adults with Disabilities
SOC Description
Teach academic, social, and life skills to secondary school students with learning, emotional, or physical disabilities. Includes teachers who specialize and work with students who are blind or have visual impairments; students who are deaf or have hearing impairments; and students with intellectual disabilities. Excludes ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
SOC Description
Teach academic, social, and life skills to middle school students with learning, emotional, or physical disabilities. Includes teachers who specialize and work with students who are blind or have visual impairments; students who are deaf or have hearing impairments; and students with intellectual disabilities. Excludes ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
SOC Description
Teach academic, social, and life skills to kindergarten students with learning, emotional, or physical disabilities. Includes teachers who specialize and work with students who are blind or have visual impairments; students who are deaf or have hearing impairments; and students with intellectual disabilities. Excludes ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
SOC Description
Teach academic, social, and life skills to preschool-aged students with learning, emotional, or physical disabilities. Includes teachers who specialize and work with students who are blind or have visual impairments; students who are deaf or have hearing impairments; and students with intellectual disabilities. Excludes ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
SOC Example
Early Childhood Special Education Teacher, Pre-Kindergarten Special Education Kindergarten Teacher
SOC Description
Teach academic, social, and life skills to elementary school students with learning, emotional, or physical disabilities. Includes teachers who specialize and work with students who are blind or have visual impairments; students who are deaf or have hearing impairments; and students with intellectual disabilities. Excludes ??Substitute Teachers, Short-Term? (25-3031).
Other Teachers and Instructors
SOC Description
Teach or instruct out-of-school youths and adults in basic education, literacy, or English as a Second Language classes, or in classes for earning a high school equivalency credential.
SOC Example
Adult Education Teacher, Adult Literacy Instructor, General Educational Development (GED) Teacher
SOC Description
Teach or instruct individuals or groups for the primary purpose of self-enrichment or recreation, rather than for an occupational objective, educational attainment, competition, or fitness. Excludes ??Coaches and Scouts? (27-2022) and ??Exercise Trainers and Group Fitness Instructors? (39-9031). Flight instructors are included with ??Aircraft Pilots and Flight Engineers? (53-2010).
SOC Example
Citizenship Teacher, Horseback Riding Instructor, Sailing Instructor
SOC Description
Teach students on a short-term basis as a temporary replacement for a regular classroom teacher, typically using the regular teacher??s lesson plan. Excludes long-term substitute teachers who perform all the duties of a regular teacher; these teachers are coded within the 25-1000 or 25-2000 minor groups.
SOC Description
Instruct individual students or small groups of students in academic subjects to support formal class instruction or to prepare students for standardized or admissions tests. Excludes ??Postsecondary Teachers? (25-1000), ??Elementary, Middle, Secondary, and Special Education Teachers? (25-2000), ??Adult Basic Education, Adult Secondary Education, and English as a Second Language Instructors? (25-3011), and ??Self-Enrichment Teachers? (25-3021).
SOC Description
All teachers and instructors not listed separately.
SOC Example
Tutor, Substitute Teacher
SOC Description
Include all multilevel teachers and instructors not listed separately.
Librarians, Curators, and Archivists
SOC Description
Appraise, edit, and direct safekeeping of permanent records and historically valuable documents. Participate in research activities based on archival materials.
SOC Example
Film Archivist, Historical Records Administrator, Reference Archivist
SOC Description
Administer collections, such as artwork, collectibles, historic items, or scientific specimens of museums or other institutions. May conduct instructional, research, or public service activities of institution.
SOC Example
Herbarium Curator, Photography and Prints Curator
SOC Description
Restore, maintain, or prepare objects in museum collections for storage, research, or exhibit. May work with specimens such as fossils, skeletal parts, or botanicals; or artifacts, textiles, or art. May identify and record objects or install and arrange them in exhibits. Includes book or document conservators.
SOC Example
Ethnographic Materials Conservator, Museum Exhibit Technician, Textile Conservator
SOC Description
Administer and maintain libraries or collections of information, for public or private access through reference or borrowing. Work in a variety of settings, such as educational institutions, museums, and corporations, and with various types of informational materials, such as books, periodicals, recordings, films, and databases. Tasks may include acquiring, cataloging, and circulating library materials, and user services such as locating and organizing information, providing instruction on how to access information, and setting up and operating a library??s media equipment.
SOC Description
Assist librarians by helping readers in the use of library catalogs, databases, and indexes to locate books and other materials; and by answering questions that require only brief consultation of standard reference. Compile records; sort and shelve books or other media; remove or repair damaged books or other media; register patrons; and check materials in and out of the circulation process. Replace materials in shelving area (stacks) or files. Includes bookmobile drivers who assist with providing services in mobile libraries.
SOC Example
Library Acquisitions Technician, Library Circulation Technician
Other Educational Instruction and Library Occupations
SOC Description
Instruct and advise individuals and families engaged in agriculture, agricultural-related processes, or home management activities. Demonstrate procedures and apply research findings to advance agricultural and home management activities. May develop educational outreach programs. May instruct on either agricultural issues such as agricultural processes and techniques, pest management, and food safety, or on home management issues such as budgeting, nutrition, and child development. Excludes ??Dietitians and Nutritionists? (29-1031).
SOC Example
Agricultural Extension Educator, Family Resource Management Specialist, Feed Management Advisor
SOC Description
Develop instructional material, coordinate educational content, and incorporate current technology into instruction in order to provide guidelines to educators and instructors for developing curricula and conducting courses. May train and coach teachers. Includes educational consultants and specialists, and instructional material directors.
SOC Example
Curriculum and Assessment Director, Curriculum Specialist, Special Education Curriculum Specialist
SOC Description
Assist a preschool, elementary, middle, or secondary school teacher with instructional duties. Serve in a position for which a teacher has primary responsibility for the design and implementation of educational programs and services. Excludes ??Teaching Assistants, Special Education? (25-9043).
SOC Description
Assist a preschool, elementary, middle, or secondary school teacher to provide academic, social, or life skills to students who have learning, emotional, or physical disabilities. Serve in a position for which a teacher has primary responsibility for the design and implementation of educational programs and services.
SOC Description
Assist faculty or other instructional staff in postsecondary institutions by performing instructional support activities, such as developing teaching materials, leading discussion groups, preparing and giving examinations, and grading examinations or papers. Graduate students who teach one or more full courses should be classified in the 25-1000 minor group.
SOC Description
All teaching assistants not listed separately.
SOC Description
All educational instruction and library workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
General Educational Development (GED) Examiner, Individualized Education Plan (IEP) Aide, Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) Grader
Art and Design Workers
SOC Description
Formulate design concepts and presentation approaches for visual productions and media, such as print, broadcasting, video, and film. Direct workers engaged in artwork or layout design. Excludes ??Set and Exhibit Designers? (27-1027).
SOC Example
Magazine Designer
SOC Description
Create or reproduce handmade objects for sale and exhibition using a variety of techniques, such as welding, weaving, pottery, and needlecraft.
SOC Example
Hand Potter, Metal Arts Production Artist, Quilter
SOC Description
Create original artwork using any of a wide variety of media and techniques.
SOC Example
Ice Sculptor, Political Cartoonist, Scientific Illustrator, Sketch Artist
SOC Description
Create special effects or animations using film, video, computers, or other electronic tools and media for use in products, such as computer games, movies, music videos, and commercials.
SOC Example
Special Effects Artist, 3D Animator
SOC Description
All artists and related workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Calligrapher, Tattoo Artist
SOC Description
Using needles and pigments, apply a permanent design directly to a client?s body, injecting ink under a layer of skin.
SOC Description
Design special exhibits and sets for film, video, television, and theater productions. May study scripts, confer with directors, and conduct research to determine appropriate architectural styles.
SOC Example
Set Decorator, Stage Scenery Designer
SOC Description
All designers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Memorial Marker Designer
SOC Description
Plan and erect commercial displays, such as those in windows and interiors of retail stores and at trade exhibitions.
SOC Example
Display Artist, Mannequin Decorator, Window Decorator
SOC Description
Plan, design, and furnish the internal space of rooms or buildings. Design interior environments or create physical layouts that are practical, aesthetic, and conducive to the intended purposes. May specialize in a particular field, style, or phase of interior design. Excludes ??Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers? (27-1026).
SOC Example
Home Lighting Advisor, Interior Decorator, Kitchen Designer
SOC Description
Design, cut, and arrange live, dried, or artificial flowers and foliage.
SOC Example
Corsage Maker, Florist, Flower Arranger
SOC Description
Design or create graphics to meet specific commercial or promotional needs, such as packaging, displays, or logos. May use a variety of mediums to achieve artistic or decorative effects. Excludes ??Web and Digital Interface Designers? (15-1255).
SOC Example
Catalogue Illustrator, Graphic Artist
SOC Description
Design clothing and accessories. Create original designs or adapt fashion trends.
SOC Example
Costume Designer, Custom Furrier, Dress Designer
SOC Description
Design and develop manufactured products, such as cars, home appliances, and children??s toys. Combine artistic talent with research on product use, marketing, and materials to create the most functional and appealing product design.
SOC Example
Automobile Designer, Package Designer
Entertainers and Performers, Sports and Related Workers
SOC Description
Play parts in stage, television, radio, video, or film productions, or other settings for entertainment, information, or instruction. Interpret serious or comic role by speech, gesture, and body movement to entertain or inform audience. May dance and sing.
SOC Example
Actress, Dramatic Reader, Voice-Over Artist
SOC Description
Produce or direct stage, television, radio, video, or film productions for entertainment, information, or instruction. Responsible for creative decisions, such as interpretation of script, choice of actors or guests, set design, sound, special effects, and choreography.
SOC Example
Casting Director, Independent Film Maker, Stage Manager
SOC Description
Compete in athletic events.
SOC Example
Football Player, Jockey, Race Car Driver
SOC Description
Instruct or coach groups or individuals in the fundamentals of sports for the primary purpose of competition. Demonstrate techniques and methods of participation. May evaluate athletes?? strengths and weaknesses as possible recruits or to improve the athletes?? technique to prepare them for competition. Those required to hold teaching certifications should be reported in the appropriate teaching category. Excludes ??Athletic Trainers? (29-9091).
SOC Example
Baseball Scout, Boxing Trainer, Football Coach
SOC Description
Officiate at competitive athletic or sporting events. Detect infractions of rules and decide penalties according to established regulations. Includes all sporting officials, referees, and competition judges.
SOC Example
Athletic Events Scorer, Paddock Judge, Race Starter
SOC Description
Perform dances. May perform on stage, for broadcasting, or for video recording.
SOC Example
Ballerina, Dance Artist, Tap Dancer
SOC Description
Create new dance routines. Rehearse performance of routines. May direct and stage presentations.
SOC Example
Dance Director, Dance Master
SOC Description
Conduct, direct, plan, and lead instrumental or vocal performances by musical artists or groups, such as orchestras, bands, choirs, and glee clubs; or create original works of music.
SOC Example
Choirmaster, Jingle Writer, Orchestra Conductor, Songwriter
SOC Description
Play one or more musical instruments or sing. May perform on stage, for broadcasting, or for sound or video recording.
SOC Example
Instrumentalist, Oboist, Rapper
SOC Description
Play prerecorded music for live audiences at venues or events such as clubs, parties, or wedding receptions. May use techniques such as mixing, cutting, or sampling to manipulate recordings. May also perform as emcee (master of ceremonies). Radio disc jockeys are included in ??Broadcast Announcers and Radio Disc Jockeys? (27-3011). Excludes ??Musicians and Singers? (27-2042), ??Audio and Video Technicians? (27-4011), and ??Sound Engineering Technicians? (27-4014).
SOC Description
All entertainers and performers, sports and related workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Clown, Comedian, Magician
Media and Communication Workers
SOC Description
Speak or read from scripted materials, such as news reports or commercial messages, on radio, television, or other communications media. May play and queue music, announce artist or title of performance, identify station, or interview guests. Excludes ??News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists? (27-3023).
SOC Example
Game Show Host, Radio Disk Jockey, Talk Show Host
SOC Description
Narrate or write news stories, reviews, or commentary for print, broadcast, or other communications media such as newspapers, magazines, radio, or television. May collect and analyze information through interview, investigation, or observation.
SOC Description
Promote or create an intended public image for individuals, groups, or organizations. May write or select material for release to various communications media. May specialize in using social media.
SOC Example
Lobbyist, Press Secretary, Publicity Writer
SOC Description
Plan, coordinate, revise, or edit written material. May review proposals and drafts for possible publication.
SOC Example
Advertising Editor, Copy Editor, Technical Editor
SOC Description
Write technical materials, such as equipment manuals, appendices, or operating and maintenance instructions. May assist in layout work.
SOC Example
Grant Writer
SOC Description
Originate and prepare written material, such as scripts, stories, advertisements, and other material. Excludes ??News Analysts, Reporters, and Journalists? (27-3023), ??Public Relations Specialists? (27-3031), and ??Technical Writers? (27-3042).
SOC Description
Interpret oral or sign language, or translate written text from one language into another.
SOC Example
American Sign Language Interpreter, Court Interpreter, Diplomatic Interpreter
SOC Description
Use verbatim methods and equipment to capture, store, retrieve, and transcribe pretrial and trial proceedings or other information. Includes stenocaptioners who operate computerized stenographic captioning equipment to provide captions of live or prerecorded broadcasts for hearing-impaired viewers.
SOC Description
All media and communication workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Stage Technician
Media and Communication Equipment Workers
SOC Description
Set up, maintain, and dismantle audio and video equipment, such as microphones, sound speakers, connecting wires and cables, sound and mixing boards, video cameras, video monitors and servers, and related electronic equipment for live or recorded events, such as concerts, meetings, conventions, presentations, podcasts, news conferences, and sporting events. Excludes ??Sound Engineering Technicians? (27-4014), ??Lighting Technicians? (27-4015), and ??Audiovisual Equipment Installers and Repairers? (49-2097).
SOC Example
Multimedia Production Assistant, Video Control Operator, Video Production Assistant
SOC Description
Set up, operate, and maintain the electronic equipment used to acquire, edit, and transmit audio and video for radio or television programs. Control and adjust incoming and outgoing broadcast signals to regulate sound volume, signal strength, and signal clarity. Operate satellite, microwave, or other transmitter equipment to broadcast radio or television programs.
SOC Example
Audio Engineer, Broadcast Engineer
SOC Description
Assemble and operate equipment to record, synchronize, mix, edit, or reproduce sound, including music, voices, or sound effects, for theater, video, film, television, podcasts, sporting events, and other productions. Excludes ??Audio and Video Technicians? (27-4011).
SOC Example
Audio Recording Engineer, Sound Editor, Sound Effects Technician
SOC Description
Set up, maintain, and dismantle light fixtures, lighting control devices, and the associated lighting electrical and rigging equipment used for photography, television, film, video, and live productions. May focus or operate light fixtures, or attach color filters or other lighting accessories. Excludes ??Audio and Video Technicians? (27-4011).
SOC Description
Photograph people, landscapes, merchandise, or other subjects. May use lighting equipment to enhance a subject??s appearance. May use editing software to produce finished images and prints. Includes commercial and industrial photographers, scientific photographers, and photojournalists. Excludes ??Camera Operators, Television, Video, and Film? (27-4031).
SOC Example
Marine Photographer, Medical Photographer, Wedding Photographer
SOC Description
Edit moving images on film, video, or other media. May work with a producer or director to organize images for final production. May edit or synchronize soundtracks with images. Excludes ??Sound Engineering Technicians? (27-4014).
SOC Example
Cue Selector, Film Editor, Television News Video Editor
SOC Description
Operate television, video, or film camera to record images or scenes for television, video, or film productions.
SOC Example
Cinematographer, News Videographer
SOC Description
All media and communication equipment workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Dimmer Board Operator, Satellite Communications Operator, Spotlight Operator
Healthcare Diagnosing or Treating Practitioners
SOC Description
Assess, treat, and care for patients by manipulation of spine and musculoskeletal system. May provide spinal adjustment or address sacral or pelvic misalignment.
SOC Example
Chiropractic Physician
SOC Description
Examine, diagnose, and treat diseases, injuries, and malformations of teeth and gums. May treat diseases of nerve, pulp, and other dental tissues affecting oral hygiene and retention of teeth. May fit dental appliances or provide preventive care. Excludes ??Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons? (29-1022), ??Orthodontists? (29-1023), ??Prosthodontists? (29-1024), and ??Dentists, All Other Specialists? (29-1029).
SOC Example
Family Dentist
SOC Description
Perform surgery and related procedures on the hard and soft tissues of the oral and maxillofacial regions to treat diseases, injuries, or defects. May diagnose problems of the oral and maxillofacial regions. May perform surgery to improve function or appearance.
SOC Example
Dental Surgeon, Oral Surgeon, Maxillofacial Surgeon, Dentist, Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS), Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD)
SOC Description
Examine, diagnose, and treat dental malocclusions and oral cavity anomalies. Design and fabricate appliances to realign teeth and jaws to produce and maintain normal function and to improve appearance.
SOC Example
Dentofacial Orthopedics Dentist, Invisible Braces Orthodontist, Pediatric Orthodontist
SOC Description
Diagnose, treat, rehabilitate, design, and fit prostheses that maintain oral function, health, and appearance for patients with clinical conditions associated with teeth, oral and maxillofacial tissues, or the jaw.
SOC Example
Maxillofacial Prosthetics Dentist, Reconstructive Dentist
SOC Description
All dentists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Other specialty dentists, including but not limited to: Pediatric Dentist, Endodontist, Periodontist, Pedodontist, Dentist, Doctor of Dental Surgery (DDS), Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD)
SOC Description
Plan and conduct food service or nutritional programs to assist in the promotion of health and control of disease. May supervise activities of a department providing quantity food services, counsel individuals, or conduct nutritional research.
SOC Example
Clinical Dietitian, Pediatric Dietitian, Public Health Nutritionist
SOC Description
Diagnose, manage, and treat conditions and diseases of the human eye and visual system. Examine eyes and visual system, diagnose problems or impairments, prescribe corrective lenses, and provide treatment. May prescribe therapeutic drugs to treat specific eye conditions. Ophthalmologists are included in ??Ophthalmologists, Except Pediatric? (29-1241).
SOC Example
Doctor of Optometry
SOC Description
Dispense drugs prescribed by physicians and other health practitioners and provide information to patients about medications and their use. May advise physicians and other health practitioners on the selection, dosage, interactions, and side effects of medications.
SOC Example
Apothecary, Hospital Pharmacist
SOC Description
Provide healthcare services typically performed by a physician, under the supervision of a physician. Conduct complete physicals, provide treatment, and counsel patients. May, in some cases, prescribe medication. Must graduate from an accredited educational program for physician assistants. Excludes ??Registered Nurses? (29-1141), ??Nurse Anesthetists? (29-1151), ??Nurse Midwives? (29-1161), ??Nurse Practitioners? (29-1171), ??Emergency Medical Technicians? (29-2042), ??Paramedics? (29-2043), ??Surgical Assistants? (29-9093), and ??Medical Assistants? (31-9092).
SOC Example
Anesthesiologist Assistant, Family Practice Physician Assistant
SOC Description
Diagnose and treat diseases and deformities of the human foot.
SOC Example
Chiropodist, Foot Doctor, Foot Orthopedist
SOC Description
All therapists not listed separately.
SOC Example
Hydrotherapist, Music Therapist
SOC Description
Assess, plan, or implement fitness programs that include exercise or physical activities such as those designed to improve cardiorespiratory function, body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, or flexibility. Excludes ??Physical Therapists? (29-1123), ??Athletic Trainers? (29-9091), and ??Exercise Trainers and Group Fitness Instructors? (39-9031).
SOC Example
Applied Exercise Physiologist, Clinical Exercise Physiologist
SOC Description
Provide radiation therapy to patients as prescribed by a radiation oncologist according to established practices and standards. Duties may include reviewing prescription and diagnosis; acting as liaison with physician and supportive care personnel; preparing equipment, such as immobilization, treatment, and protection devices; and maintaining records, reports, and files. May assist in dosimetry procedures and tumor localization.
SOC Example
Dosimetrist, Radiation Therapy Technologist
SOC Description
Assess and treat persons with speech, language, voice, and fluency disorders. May select alternative communication systems and teach their use. May perform research related to speech and language problems.
SOC Example
Public School Speech Therapist, Speech Clinician, Speech Therapist
SOC Description
Assess, treat, and care for patients with breathing disorders. Assume primary responsibility for all respiratory care modalities, including the supervision of respiratory therapy technicians. Initiate and conduct therapeutic procedures; maintain patient records; and select, assemble, check, and operate equipment.
SOC Example
Inhalation Therapist Oxygen Therapist, Registered Respiratory Therapist
SOC Description
Plan, direct, or coordinate medically-approved recreation programs for patients in hospitals, nursing homes, or other institutions. Activities include sports, trips, dramatics, social activities, and crafts. May assess a patient condition and recommend appropriate recreational activity. Excludes ??Recreation Workers? (39-9032).
SOC Example
Certified Recreational Therapist, Drama Therapist, Therapeutic Recreation Specialist
SOC Description
Assess, plan, organize, and participate in rehabilitative programs that improve mobility, relieve pain, increase strength, and improve or correct disabling conditions resulting from disease or injury.
SOC Example
Geriatric Physical Therapist, Physiotherapist, Pulmonary Physical Therapist
SOC Description
Assess, plan, and organize rehabilitative programs that help build or restore vocational, homemaking, and daily living skills, as well as general independence, to persons with disabilities or developmental delays. Use therapeutic techniques, adapt the individual??s environment, teach skills, and modify specific tasks that present barriers to the individual. Excludes ??Rehabilitation Counselors? (21-1015).
SOC Example
Registered Occupational Therapist
SOC Description
Diagnose, treat, or research diseases and injuries of animals. Includes veterinarians who conduct research and development, inspect livestock, or care for pets and companion animals.
SOC Example
Animal Surgeon, Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM), Veterinary Medicine Scientist, Wildlife Veterinarian
SOC Description
Assess patient health problems and needs, develop and implement nursing care plans, and maintain medical records. Administer nursing care to ill, injured, convalescent, or disabled patients. May advise patients on health maintenance and disease prevention or provide case management. Licensing or registration required. Includes Clinical Nurse Specialists. Excludes ??Nurse Anesthetists? (29-1151), ??Nurse Midwives? (29-1161), and ??Nurse Practitioners? (29-1171).
SOC Example
Registered Nurse, Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS), Care Coordinator, Case Manager, Perioperative Nurse, Critical Care Nurse, Emergency Room Nurse, Public Health Nurse, Geriatric Nurse, Obstetric Nurse, Nurse Manager (patient care setting)
SOC Description
Administer anesthesia, monitor patient??s vital signs, and oversee patient recovery from anesthesia. May assist anesthesiologists, surgeons, other physicians, or dentists. Must be registered nurses who have specialized graduate education.
SOC Example
Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
SOC Description
Diagnose and coordinate all aspects of the birthing process, either independently or as part of a healthcare team. May provide well-woman gynecological care. Must have specialized, graduate nursing education.
SOC Example
Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM)
SOC Description
Diagnose and treat acute, episodic, or chronic illness, independently or as part of a healthcare team. May focus on health promotion and disease prevention. May order, perform, or interpret diagnostic tests such as lab work and x rays. May prescribe medication. Must be registered nurses who have specialized graduate education.
SOC Example
Nurse Practitioner, Adult Care Nurse Practitioner, Pediatric Nurse Practitioner, Geriatric Nurse Practitioner, Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner, Family Nurse Practitioner, Women?s Health Nurse Practitioner (WHNP)
SOC Description
Assess and treat persons with hearing and related disorders. May fit hearing aids and provide auditory training. May perform research related to hearing problems.
SOC Example
Clinical Audiologist, Pediatric Audiologist
SOC Description
Provide medical care related to pregnancy or childbirth. Diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases of women, particularly those affecting the reproductive system. May also provide general care to women. May perform both medical and gynecological surgery functions.
SOC Description
Diagnose, treat, manage, and prevent diseases or conditions of the cardiovascular system. May further subspecialize in interventional procedures (e.g., balloon angioplasty and stent placement), echocardiography, or electrophysiology.
SOC Description
Diagnose, manage, and treat disorders and diseases of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves, with a primarily nonsurgical focus.
SOC Description
Diagnose and provide nonsurgical treatment for a wide range of diseases and injuries of internal organ systems. Provide care mainly for adults and adolescents, and are based primarily in an outpatient care setting. Excludes ??Family Medicine Physicians? (29-1215) and ??Pediatricians, General? (29-1221).
SOC Description
Make immediate medical decisions and act to prevent death or further disability. Provide immediate recognition, evaluation, care, stabilization, and disposition of patients. May direct emergency medical staff in an emergency department.
SOC Example
Emergency Physician, ER Physician, Emergency Medicine Doctor, Emergency Department Physician, Emergency Department Doctor, Medical Doctor (MD)
SOC Description
Diagnose, treat, and provide preventive care to individuals and families across the lifespan. May refer patients to specialists when needed for further diagnosis or treatment. Excludes ??General Internal Medicine Physicians? (29-1216) and ??Pediatricians, General? (29-1221).
SOC Description
Administer anesthetics and analgesics for pain management prior to, during, or after surgery.
SOC Description
Diagnose and treat diseases relating to the skin, hair, and nails. May perform both medical and dermatological surgery functions.
SOC Description
Diagnose and perform surgery to treat and help prevent disorders and diseases of the eye. May also provide vision services for treatment including glasses and contacts. Excludes ??Optometrists? (29-1041) and ??Pediatric Surgeons? (29-1243).
SOC Example
Ophthalmologist, Ophthalmic Pathologist, Neuro-Ophthalmologist, Medical Doctor (MD)
SOC Description
All surgeons not listed separately. Excludes ??Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons? (29-1022).
SOC Description
Diagnose and perform surgery to treat and prevent rheumatic and other diseases in the musculoskeletal system. Excludes ??Pediatric Surgeons? (29-1243).
SOC Description
Diagnose and perform surgery to treat fetal abnormalities and birth defects, diseases, and injuries in fetuses, premature and newborn infants, children, and adolescents. Includes all pediatric surgical specialties and subspecialties. Excludes ??Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons? (29-1022), ??Ophthalmologists, Except Pediatric? (29-1241), and ??Orthopedic Surgeons, Except Pediatric? (29-1242).
SOC Description
Diagnose, treat, and prevent disorders by stimulating specific acupuncture points within the body using acupuncture needles. May also use cups, nutritional supplements, therapeutic massage, acupressure, and other alternative health therapies. Excludes ??Chiropractors? (29-1011).
SOC Example
Acupuncturist, Licensed Acupuncturist, Acupuncture Physician
SOC Description
Administer oral hygiene care to patients. Assess patient oral hygiene problems or needs and maintain health records. Advise patients on oral health maintenance and disease prevention. May provide advanced care such as providing fluoride treatment or administering topical anesthesia.
SOC Description
All healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners not listed separately.
SOC Description
Diagnose, treat, and help prevent diseases using a system of practice that is based on the natural healing capacity of individuals. May use physiological, psychological or mechanical methods. May also use natural medicines, prescription or legend drugs, foods, herbs, or other natural remedies.
SOC Example
Naturopath, Naturopathic Doctor, Doctor of Naturopathic Medicine, Naturopathic Physician
SOC Description
Under the supervision of a dentist, provide routine dental services to high-risk residents of rural Alaska villages . Use language skills and cultural fluency to educate individuals and the community and to promote oral health.
SOC Example
Primary Dental Health Aides, Expanded Function Dental Health Aides, Dental Health Aide Hygienist, and Dental Health Aide Therapist
SOC Description
Provide direct therapeutic and diagnostic patient care, health promotion, disease prevention, and clinic administration in the Indian Health Services system in Alaska. Work under the direct supervision of a physician, but may be the sole "on-location" medical provider in a rural community.
SOC Example
CHA-Practitioner
Health Technologists and Technicians
SOC Description
Perform complex medical laboratory tests for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. May train or supervise staff.
SOC Example
Blood Bank Laboratory Technologist, Cytogenetic Technologist, Immunohematologist
SOC Description
Perform routine medical laboratory tests for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. May work under the supervision of a medical technologist.
SOC Example
Histology Technician, Pathology Technician, Serology Technician
SOC Description
Prepare, administer, and measure radioactive isotopes in therapeutic, diagnostic, and tracer studies using a variety of radioisotope equipment. Prepare stock solutions of radioactive materials and calculate doses to be administered by radiologists. Subject patients to radiation. Execute blood volume, red cell survival, and fat absorption studies following standard laboratory techniques.
SOC Example
Nuclear Medicine Technologist, Staff Nuclear Medicine Technologist, Certified Nuclear Medicine Technologist (CNMT), Supervisor Nuclear Medicine, Radiation Safety Officer, Registered Nuclear Medicine Technologist, Nuclear Cardiology Technologist, Nuclear M
SOC Description
Generate radiation treatment plans, develop radiation dose calculations, communicate and supervise the treatment plan implementation, and consult with members of radiation oncology team.
SOC Description
Operate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanners. Monitor patient safety and comfort, and view images of area being scanned to ensure quality of pictures. May administer gadolinium contrast dosage intravenously. May interview patient, explain MRI procedures, and position patient on examining table. May enter into the computer data such as patient history, anatomical area to be scanned, orientation specified, and position of entry.
SOC Example
Computed Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technologist (CT/MRI) Technologist, MRI Technologist
SOC Description
Take x-rays and CAT scans or administer nonradioactive materials into patient??s bloodstream for diagnostic or research purposes. Includes radiologic technologists and technicians who specialize in other scanning modalities. Excludes ??Diagnostic Medical Sonographers? (29-2032) and ??Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technologists? (29-2035).
SOC Example
CT Scan Technician, CAT Scan Technician, Limited Radiographer, Limited Radiologic Technician, Mammographer, Mammography Technologist, Radiographer, X-ray Specialist
SOC Description
Produce ultrasonic recordings of internal organs for use by physicians. Includes vascular technologists. Excludes ??Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians? (29-2031).
SOC Example
Diagnostic Medical Sonographer, Sonographer, Ultrasonographer, Ultrasound Technologist, Ultrasound Technician, Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer (RDMS), Registered Diagnostic Medical Sonographer
SOC Description
Conduct tests on pulmonary or cardiovascular systems of patients for diagnostic, therapeutic, or research purposes. May conduct or assist in electrocardiograms, cardiac catheterizations, pulmonary functions, lung capacity, and similar tests.
SOC Example
Cardiovascular Technologist (CVT), Cardiovascular Technician, Registered Cardiovascular Invasive Specialist (RCIS), EKG/ECG Technician (Electrocardiogram Technician), Echocardiographer, Registered Cardiac Sonographer (RCS), Cardiopulmonary Technician, Ele
SOC Description
Assess injuries and illnesses and administer basic emergency medical care. May transport injured or sick persons to medical facilities. Excludes ??Paramedics? (29-2043), ??Firefighters? (33-2011), and ??Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians? (53-3011).
SOC Example
First Responder/EMT, Emergency Medical Technician I, II, or III (EMT-I; EMT-II or EMT-III), First Responder, Emergency Trauma Technician (ETT)
SOC Description
Administer basic or advanced emergency medical care and assess injuries and illnesses. May administer medication intravenously, use equipment such as EKGs, or administer advanced life support to sick or injured individuals. Excludes ??Emergency Medical Technicians? (29-2042) and ??Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians? (53-3011).
SOC Example
Paramedic, Firefighter/Paramedic, EMT/Dispatcher (Emergency Medical Technician/Dispatcher), Fire Fighter First Responder, First Responder, Flight Paramedic
SOC Description
Assist in the provision of food service and nutritional programs, under the supervision of a dietitian. May plan and produce meals based on established guidelines, teach principles of food and nutrition, or counsel individuals.
SOC Example
Dietary Technician, Registered Diet Technician
SOC Description
Prepare medications under the direction of a pharmacist. May measure, mix, count out, label, and record amounts and dosages of medications according to prescription orders.
SOC Example
Certified Pharmacy Technician, Pharmacist Technician
SOC Description
Care for individuals with mental or emotional conditions or disabilities, following the instructions of physicians or other health practitioners. Monitor patients?? physical and emotional well-being and report to medical staff. May participate in rehabilitation and treatment programs, help with personal hygiene, and administer oral or injectable medications.
SOC Example
Psychiatric Technician (PT), Mental Health Technician, Mental Health Worker, Mental Health Associate, Licensed Psychiatric Technician (LPT), Health Care Technician, Behavioral Health Technician, Patient Care Specialist, Support Team Member (STM)
SOC Description
Assist in operations, under the supervision of surgeons, registered nurses, or other surgical personnel. May help set up operating room, prepare and transport patients for surgery, adjust lights and equipment, pass instruments and other supplies to surgeons and surgeons?? assistants, hold retractors, cut sutures, and help count sponges, needles, supplies, and instruments. Excludes ??Surgical Assistants? (29-9093).
SOC Example
Certified Surgical Technologist, Operating Room (OR) Tech, Surgical Scrub Technologist
SOC Description
Perform medical tests in a laboratory environment for use in the treatment and diagnosis of diseases in animals. Prepare vaccines and serums for prevention of diseases. Prepare tissue samples, take blood samples, and execute laboratory tests, such as urinalysis and blood counts. Clean and sterilize instruments and materials and maintain equipment and machines. May assist a veterinarian during surgery.
SOC Example
Veterinary Laboratory Technician, Veterinary Surgery Technologist, Veterinary X-Ray Operator
SOC Description
Assist ophthalmologists by performing ophthalmic clinical functions. May administer eye exams, administer eye medications, and instruct the patient in care and use of corrective lenses.
SOC Example
Ocular Care Technologist, Ophthalmic Technologist
SOC Description
Care for ill, injured, or convalescing patients or persons with disabilities in hospitals, nursing homes, clinics, private homes, group homes, and similar institutions. May work under the supervision of a registered nurse. Licensing required.
SOC Example
LVN, LPN, Pediatric Licensed Practical Nurse
SOC Description
Compile, process, and maintain medical records of hospital and clinic patients in a manner consistent with medical, administrative, ethical, legal, and regulatory requirements of the healthcare system. Classify medical and healthcare concepts, including diagnosis, procedures, medical services, and equipment, into the healthcare industry??s numerical coding system. Includes medical coders. Excludes ??Health Information Technologists and Medical Registrars? (29-9021) and ??File Clerks? (43-4071).
SOC Example
Professional Coder, Coding Specialist, Medical Coder, Professional Medical Coder, Certified Coder
SOC Description
Design, measure, fit, and adapt lenses and frames for client according to written optical prescription or specification. Assist client with inserting, removing, and caring for contact lenses. Assist client with selecting frames. Measure customer for size of eyeglasses and coordinate frames with facial and eye measurements and optical prescription. Prepare work order for optical laboratory containing instructions for grinding and mounting lenses in frames. Verify exactness of finished lens spectacles. Adjust frame and lens position to fit client. May shape or reshape frames. Includes contact lens opticians.
SOC Example
Contact Lens Fitter, Eyeglass Fitter
SOC Description
Design, measure, fit, and adapt orthopedic braces, appliances or prostheses, such as limbs or facial parts for patients with disabling conditions.
SOC Example
Artificial Limb Fitter, Certified Orthotic Fitter, Pedorthist
SOC Description
Select and fit hearing aids for customers. Administer and interpret tests of hearing. Assess hearing instrument efficacy. Take ear impressions and prepare, design, and modify ear molds. Excludes ??Audiologists? (29-1181).
SOC Example
Hearing Aide Specialist
SOC Description
All health technologists and technicians not listed separately.
SOC Example
Dialysis Technician, Electroencephalogram (EEG) Technologist, Electroneurodiagnostic Technologist, Polysomnograph Tech
SOC Description
Perform overnight, daytime, or home sleep studies, polysomnograms, on those with suspected sleep disorders.
SOC Description
Support and assist gastroenterology specialists while they use endoscopes to perform exploratory procedures of the stomach, colon, and esophagus. Prepare and care for the medical instruments and equipment used during endoscopic procedures. Sterilize equipment.
SOC Description
Operate machines that remove wastes, salt, and extra water from patients? blood while keeping safe levels of certain chemicals. Keep the dialysis machine in good working condition.
SOC Example
Hemodialysis Technician, Patient Care Technician
SOC Description
Conduct electroneurodiagnostic (END) tests such as electroencephalograms, evoked potentials, polysomnograms, or electronystagmograms. Take readings of the brain or central nervous system.
SOC Example
Electroneurodiagnostic Technologist, Neurodiagnostic Technologist, Electroencephalogram (EEG) Technician
Other Healthcare Practitioners and Technical Occupations
SOC Description
Apply knowledge of healthcare and information systems to assist in the design, development, and continued modification and analysis of computerized healthcare systems. Abstract, collect, and analyze treatment and followup information of patients. May educate staff and assist in problem solving to promote the implementation of the healthcare information system. May design, develop, test, and implement databases with complete history, diagnosis, treatment, and health status to help monitor diseases. Excludes ??Medical Records Specialists? (29?2072).
SOC Description
All healthcare practitioners and technical workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Podiatric Technician, Traditional Chinese Herbalist
SOC Description
Administer prescribed medications and maintain medical records under the supervision of a licensed practical nurse or registered professional nurse.
SOC Description
Coordinate, schedule, and direct patient care staff. Provide guidance and support for Dialysis Technicians.
SOC Description
Assist in operations, under the supervision of surgeons. May, in accordance with state laws, help surgeons to make incisions and close surgical sites, manipulate or remove tissues, implant surgical devices or drains, suction the surgical site, place catheters, clamp or cauterize vessels or tissue, and apply dressings to surgical site. Excludes ??Registered Nurses? (29-1141) and ??Surgical Technologists? (29-2055).
SOC Description
Assess individual or family risk for a variety of inherited conditions, such as genetic disorders and birth defects. Provide information to other healthcare providers or to individuals and families concerned with the risk of inherited conditions. Advise individuals and families to support informed decisionmaking and coping methods for those at risk. May help conduct research related to genetic conditions or genetic counseling.
SOC Example
Chromosomal Disorders Counselor, Mitochondrial Disorders Counselor, Prenatal Genetic Counselor
SOC Description
Evaluate and treat musculoskeletal injuries or illnesses. Provide preventive, therapeutic, emergency, and rehabilitative care. Excludes ??Physical Therapists? (29-1123).
SOC Example
Certified Athletic Trainer
Home Health and Personal Care Aides; and Nursing Assistants, Orderlies, and Psychiatric Aides
SOC Description
Monitor the health status of an individual with disabilities or illness, and address their health-related needs, such as changing bandages, dressing wounds, or administering medication. Work is performed under the direction of offsite or intermittent onsite licensed nursing staff. Provide assistance with routine healthcare tasks or activities of daily living, such as feeding, bathing, toileting, or ambulation. May also help with tasks such as preparing meals, doing light housekeeping, and doing laundry depending on the patient??s abilities.
SOC Example
Home Health Attendant, Home Hospice Aide
SOC Description
Provide personalized assistance to individuals with disabilities or illness who require help with personal care and activities of daily living support (e.g., feeding, bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, and ambulation). May also provide help with tasks such as preparing meals, doing light housekeeping, and doing laundry. Work is performed in various settings depending on the needs of the care recipient and may include locations such as their home, place of work, out in the community, or at a daytime nonresidential facility.
SOC Example
Blind Escort, Elderly Companion, Geriatric Personal Care Aide, Caregiver
SOC Description
Provide or assist with basic care or support under the direction of onsite licensed nursing staff. Perform duties such as monitoring of health status, feeding, bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, or ambulation of patients in a health or nursing facility. May include medication administration and other health-related tasks. Includes nursing care attendants, nursing aides, and nursing attendants. Excludes ??Home Health Aides? (31-1121), ??Personal Care Aides? (31-1122), ??Orderlies? (31-1132), and ??Psychiatric Aides? (31-1133).
SOC Example
Certified Nurse Assistant (CNA), Nursing Care Attendant, Nursing Aide, and Nursing Attendant, Direct Support Worker, Direct Support Provider, Direct Care Service Worker, Direct Care Provider, Direct Care Service Provider, Direct Service Worker, Nursing As
SOC Description
Transport patients to areas such as operating rooms or x-ray rooms using wheelchairs, stretchers, or moveable beds. May maintain stocks of supplies or clean and transport equipment. Excludes ??Nursing Assistants? (31-1131). Psychiatric orderlies are included in ??Psychiatric Aides? (31-1133).
SOC Example
Hospital Orderly, Medical Orderly, Surgical Orderly
SOC Description
Assist mentally impaired or emotionally disturbed patients, working under direction of nursing and medical staff. May assist with daily living activities, lead patients in educational and recreational activities, or accompany patients to and from examinations and treatments. May restrain violent patients. Includes psychiatric orderlies.
SOC Example
Mental Health Assistant, Mental Health Aide, Psychiatric Aide, Mental Health Worker, Residential, Patient Care Assistant, Resident Care Technician
Occupational Therapy and Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides
SOC Description
Assist occupational therapists in providing occupational therapy treatments and procedures. May, in accordance with state laws, assist in development of treatment plans, carry out routine functions, direct activity programs, and document the progress of treatments. Generally requires formal training.
SOC Example
Certified Occupational Therapy Assistant, Licensed Occupational Therapist Assistant
SOC Description
Under close supervision of an occupational therapist or occupational therapy assistant, perform only delegated, selected, or routine tasks in specific situations. These duties include preparing patient and treatment room.
SOC Example
Occupational Rehabilitation Aide, Occupational Therapist Aide
SOC Description
Assist physical therapists in providing physical therapy treatments and procedures. May, in accordance with state laws, assist in the development of treatment plans, carry out routine functions, document the progress of treatment, and modify specific treatments in accordance with patient status and within the scope of treatment plans established by a physical therapist. Generally requires formal training.
SOC Example
Licensed Physical Therapy Assistant, Physiotherapy Assistant
SOC Description
Under close supervision of a physical therapist or physical therapy assistant, perform only delegated, selected, or routine tasks in specific situations. These duties include preparing the patient and the treatment area.
SOC Example
Clinical Rehabilitation Aide, Physical Therapy Aide
Other Healthcare Support Occupations
SOC Description
Perform therapeutic massages of soft tissues and joints. May assist in the assessment of range of motion and muscle strength, or propose client therapy plans.
SOC Example
Deep Tissue Massage Therapist, Licensed Massage Therapist Swedish
SOC Description
Perform administrative and certain clinical duties under the direction of a physician. Administrative duties may include scheduling appointments, maintaining medical records, billing, and coding information for insurance purposes. Clinical duties may include taking and recording vital signs and medical histories, preparing patients for examination, drawing blood, and administering medications as directed by physician. Excludes ??Physician Assistants? (29-1071).
SOC Example
Chiropractic Assistant, Morgue Attendant, Orthopedic Cast Specialist
SOC Description
Perform limited clinical duties under the direction of a dentist. Clinical duties may include equipment preparation and sterilization, preparing patients for treatment, assisting the dentist during treatment, and providing patients with instructions for oral healthcare procedures. May perform administrative duties such as scheduling appointments, maintaining medical records, billing, and coding information for insurance purposes.
SOC Example
Certified Dental Assistance, Orthodontic Assistant, Dental Aide
SOC Description
Assist in the assessment and treatment of speech, language, voice, and fluency disorders. Implement speech and language programs or activities as planned and directed by speech-language pathologists. Monitor the use of alternative communication devices and systems.
SOC Example
Speech Language Pathologist Assistant (SLPA), Communication Assistant, Speech Pathologist Assistant, Speech-Language Assistant, Speech and Language Assistant, Speech Therapist Technician
SOC Description
All healthcare support workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Ortho/Prosthetic Aide
SOC Description
Draw blood for tests, transfusions, donations, or research. May explain the procedure to patients and assist in the recovery of patients with adverse reactions.
SOC Example
Phlebotomy Technician, Venipuncturist
SOC Description
Record drugs delivered to the pharmacy, store incoming merchandise, and inform the supervisor of stock needs. May operate cash register and accept prescriptions for filling.
SOC Example
Pharmacist Assistant, Pharmacy Clerk, Prescription Clerk
SOC Description
Transcribe medical reports recorded by physicians and other healthcare practitioners using various electronic devices, covering office visits, emergency room visits, diagnostic imaging studies, operations, chart reviews, and final summaries. Transcribe dictated reports and translate abbreviations into fully understandable form. Edit as necessary and return reports in either printed or electronic form for review and signature, or correction.
SOC Example
Medical Stenographer, Medical Transcriber, Pathology Transcriptionist
SOC Description
Prepare, sterilize, install, or clean laboratory or healthcare equipment. May perform routine laboratory tasks and operate or inspect equipment.
SOC Example
Central Sterile Supply Technician (CSS Technician), Medical Equipment Preparers, Certified Registered Central Service Technician (CRCST), Central Service Technician (CST), Instrument Technician, Sterilization Technician, Central Processing Technician (CPT
SOC Description
Feed, water, and examine pets and other nonfarm animals for signs of illness, disease, or injury in laboratories and animal hospitals and clinics. Clean and disinfect cages and work areas, and sterilize laboratory and surgical equipment. May provide routine postoperative care, administer medication orally or topically, or prepare samples for laboratory examination under the supervision of veterinary or laboratory animal technologists or technicians, veterinarians, or scientists. Excludes ??Animal Caretakers? (39-2021).
SOC Example
Veterinary Attendant, Veterinarian Helper
Supervisors of Protective Service Workers
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of correctional officers and jailers.
SOC Example
Corrections Sergeant, Prison Guard Supervisor
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of members of police force.
SOC Example
Commanding Officer Homicide Squad, Detective Lieutenant, Police Lieutenant, Traffic Sergeant, Harbormaster
SOC Description
An official responsible for enforcing the regulations of a harbor or port,?in order to ensure the safety of navigation,?the security of the harbor, and the correct operation of the port facilities.
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers engaged in firefighting and fire prevention and control.
SOC Example
Fire Lieutenant, Municipal Fire Fighting and Prevention Supervisor, Supervising Fire Marshal
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of security workers and security guards.
SOC Description
All protective service supervisors not listed separately above.
SOC Example
Animal Cruelty Investigation Supervisor, Security Guard Supervisor, Transportation Security Administration (TSA) Screener Supervisor
Firefighting and Prevention Workers
SOC Description
Control and extinguish fires or respond to emergency situations where life, property, or the environment is at risk. Duties may include fire prevention, emergency medical service, hazardous material response, search and rescue, and disaster assistance.
SOC Example
Fire Fighter First Responder, Firefighter, Firefighter-EMT, Firefighter-ETT
SOC Description
Inspect buildings to detect fire hazards and enforce local ordinances and state laws, or investigate and gather facts to determine cause of fires and explosions.
SOC Example
Arson Investigator, Certified Vehicle Fire Investigator, Fire Hazard Inspector, Fire Prevention Inspector
SOC Description
Enforce fire regulations, inspect forest for fire hazards, and recommend forest fire prevention or control measures. May report forest fires and weather conditions.
SOC Example
Environmental Protection Fire Control Officer, Forest Fire Control Officer, Wildfire Prevention Specialist
Law Enforcement Workers
SOC Description
Maintain order in courts of law.
SOC Example
Court Bailiff, Court Security Officer, Deputy Bailiff
SOC Description
Guard inmates in penal or rehabilitative institutions in accordance with established regulations and procedures. May guard prisoners in transit between jail, courtroom, prison, or other point. Includes deputy sheriffs and police who spend the majority of their time guarding prisoners in correctional institutions.
SOC Example
Certified Detention Deputy, Juvenile Corrections Officer, Prison Guard
SOC Description
Conduct investigations related to suspected violations of federal, state, or local laws to prevent or solve crimes. Excludes ??Private Detectives and Investigators? (33-9021).
SOC Example
Deputy United States Marshal, Homicide Detective, Narcotics Investigator
SOC Description
Patrol assigned area to prevent fish and game law violations. Investigate reports of damage to crops or property by wildlife. Compile biological data.
SOC Example
Conservation Enforcement Officer, Wildlife and Game Protector, Wildlife Officer
SOC Description
Patrol assigned area, such as public parking lot or city streets to issue tickets to overtime parking violators and illegally parked vehicles.
SOC Example
Meter Maid, Parking Enforcement Officer
SOC Description
Maintain order and protect life and property by enforcing local, tribal, state, or federal laws and ordinances. Perform a combination of the following duties: patrol a specific area; direct traffic; issue traffic summonses; investigate accidents; apprehend and arrest suspects, or serve legal processes of courts. Includes police officers working at educational institutions.
SOC Example
Border Patrol Officer, Motorcycle Police, Park Police, State Trooper
SOC Description
Protect and police railroad and transit property, employees, or passengers.
SOC Example
Railroad Detective, Track patrol, Transit Authority Police
Other Protective Service Workers
SOC Description
Handle animals for the purpose of investigations of mistreatment, or control of abandoned, dangerous, or unattended animals.
SOC Example
Animal Control Officer, Animal Warden, Dog Catcher, Humane Officer
SOC Description
Gather, analyze, compile, and report information regarding individuals or organizations to clients, or detect occurrences of unlawful acts or infractions of rules in private establishment.
SOC Example
Private Eye, Skip Tracer, Store Detective
SOC Description
Observe gambling operation for irregular activities such as cheating or theft by either employees or patrons. Investigate potential threats to gambling assets such as money, chips, and gambling equipment. Act as oversight and security agent for management and customers.
SOC Example
Casino Investigator, Casino Surveillance Officer, Gambling Monitor
SOC Description
Guard, patrol, or monitor premises to prevent theft, violence, or infractions of rules. May operate x-ray and metal detector equipment. Excludes ??Police Officers? (33-3050) and ??Transportation Security Screeners? (33-9093).
SOC Example
Bank Guard, Bodyguard, Bouncer
SOC Description
Guide or control vehicular or pedestrian traffic at such places as streets, schools, railroad crossings, or construction sites.
SOC Example
Crossing Guard, Construction Flagger
SOC Description
Monitor recreational areas, such as pools, beaches, or ski slopes, to provide assistance and protection to participants.
SOC Example
Beach Lifeguard, Outdoor Emergency Care Technician
SOC Description
Conduct screening of passengers, baggage, or cargo to ensure compliance with Transportation Security Administration (TSA) regulations. May operate basic security equipment such as x-ray machines and hand wands at screening checkpoints.
SOC Example
Airport Baggage Screener, Airport Security Screener, Transportation Security Officer, Transportation Security Administration (TSA) Screener. Only ones here are those enforcing TSA Regulations.
SOC Description
Maintain order among students on a school bus. Duties include helping students safely board and exit and communicating behavioral problems. May perform pretrip and posttrip inspections and prepare for and assist in emergency evacuations.
SOC Description
All protective service workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Playground Monitor, Warrant Server, Wal-Mart Greeters, Village Police Officers
SOC Description
Act as first responders to public safety emergencies such as search and rescue, fire protection, emergency medical assistance, crime prevention and basic law enforcement in villages.
SOC Example
VPSO, Village Public Safety Officer
SOC Description
Oversee harbor activities. Provide boat operators with information pertinent to the use of the facility and monitors float usage. Enforce all applicable ordinances and policies related to the operation and use of marine facilities, including issuing notices of violation to non-compliant users of marine and upland parking and staging facilities. Collect day-use fees. Observe vessels and notifiy vessel owners regarding dangerous conditions affecting the safety of their vessel or causing a hazard to other facility users. Inform owners/operators of defective mooring lines and whether the vessel could pose a danger to other nearby vessels or property. Perform minor maintenance activities. Assist in relocating floats as needed for winter storage. Clean and maintain the restroom facility at dock. Haul bagged trash and recyclables to dumpster.
SOC Description
Protect and enforce rules/laws in parks/lands owned and operated by state and federal government.
SOC Example
Park Ranger
SOC Description
Maintain lodging buildings, properties and grounds. May do light building repairs, snow removal, mowing. Assure security and may watch over property during offseason.
SOC Example
Lodge Caretaker
Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers
SOC Description
Direct and may participate in the preparation, seasoning, and cooking of salads, soups, fish, meats, vegetables, desserts, or other foods. May plan and price menu items, order supplies, and keep records and accounts.
SOC Example
Executive Chef, Pastry Chef, Sous Chef
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers engaged in preparing and serving food.
SOC Example
Banquet Supervisor, Bar Manager, Kitchen Supervisor
Cooks and Food Preparation Workers
SOC Description
Prepare and cook large quantities of food for institutions, such as schools, hospitals, or cafeterias.
SOC Example
Camp Cook, Galley Cook, Mess Cook, School Cook
SOC Description
A handyman in a camp, such as a logging camp. One who does caretaking chores and acts as a cook or a cook?s helper.
SOC Example
Bull Cook, Camp Cook
SOC Description
All cooks not listed separately.
SOC Example
Falafal Cart Cook, Fraternity House Cook, Bull cook
SOC Description
Prepare and cook to order a variety of foods that require only a short preparation time. May take orders from customers and serve patrons at counters or tables. Excludes ??Cooks, Fast Food? (35-2011).
SOC Example
Griddle Cook
SOC Description
Prepare, season, and cook dishes such as soups, meats, vegetables, or desserts in restaurants. May order supplies, keep records and accounts, price items on menu, or plan menu.
SOC Example
Banquet Cook, Line Cook, Saucier, Sushi Chef
SOC Description
Prepare meals in private homes. Includes personal chefs.
SOC Example
Certified personal Chef, Private Chef
SOC Description
Prepare and cook food in a fast food restaurant with a limited menu. Duties of these cooks are limited to preparation of a few basic items and normally involve operating large-volume single-purpose cooking equipment.
SOC Example
Fast Food Fry Cook
SOC Description
Perform a variety of food preparation duties other than cooking, such as preparing cold foods and shellfish, slicing meat, and brewing coffee or tea. Baristas should be coded to 35-3023.
SOC Example
Fruit and Vegetable Parer, Salad Maker, Sandwich Maker
Food and Beverage Serving Workers
SOC Description
Mix and serve drinks to patrons, directly or through waitstaff.
SOC Example
Barkeep, Mixologist, Taproom Attendant
SOC Description
Perform duties such as taking orders and serving food and beverages. Serve customers at counter or from a steam table. May take payment. May prepare food and beverages. Counter attendants who also wait tables are included in ??Waiters and Waitresses? (35-3031). Includes Baristas.
SOC Example
Barista
SOC Description
Take orders and serve food and beverages to patrons at tables in dining establishment. Excludes ??Fast Food and Counter Workers? (35-3023).
SOC Example
Cocktail Server, Dining Car Server, Wine Steward
SOC Description
Serve food to individuals outside of a restaurant environment, such as in hotel rooms, hospital rooms, residential care facilities, or cars. Excludes ??Fast Food and Counter Workers? (35-3023) and ??Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers? (41-9091).
SOC Example
Boat Hop, Hospital Food Service Worker, Room Service Food Server
Other Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers
SOC Description
Facilitate food service. Clean tables; remove dirty dishes; replace soiled table linens; set tables; replenish supply of clean linens, silverware, glassware, and dishes; supply service bar with food; and serve items such as water, condiments, and coffee to patrons.
SOC Example
Bar Back, Busser, Lunchroom Attendant
SOC Description
Clean dishes, kitchen, food preparation equipment, or utensils.
SOC Example
Dish Room Worker, Silverware Cleaner
SOC Description
Welcome patrons, seat them at tables or in lounge, and help ensure quality of facilities and service.
SOC Example
Dining Room Host, Maitre D'
SOC Description
All food preparation and serving related workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Kitchen Steward
Supervisors of Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Workers
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate work activities of cleaning personnel in hotels, hospitals, offices, and other establishments.
SOC Example
Building Cleaning Supervisor, Cleaning Staff Supervisor, Custodial Supervisor
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers engaged in landscaping or groundskeeping activities. Work may involve reviewing contracts to ascertain service, machine, and workforce requirements; answering inquiries from potential customers regarding methods, material, and price ranges; and preparing estimates according to labor, material, and machine costs.
SOC Example
Grounds Maintenance Supervisor, Head Greenskeeper, Horticultural Services Supervisor
Building Cleaning and Pest Control Workers
SOC Description
Keep buildings in clean and orderly condition. Perform heavy cleaning duties, such as cleaning floors, shampooing rugs, washing walls and glass, and removing rubbish. Duties may include tending furnace and boiler, performing routine maintenance activities, notifying management of need for repairs, and cleaning snow or debris from sidewalk.
SOC Example
Industrial Plant Custodian, School Custodian, Window Washer
SOC Description
All building cleaning workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Building Pressure Washer, Chimney Sweeper
SOC Description
Perform any combination of light cleaning duties to maintain private households or commercial establishments, such as hotels and hospitals, in a clean and orderly manner. Duties may include making beds, replenishing linens, cleaning rooms and halls, and vacuuming.
SOC Example
Chambermaid, House Cleaner, Housekeeping Staff
SOC Description
Apply or release chemical solutions or toxic gases and set traps to kill or remove pests and vermin that infest buildings and surrounding areas.
SOC Example
Exterminator, Fumigator, Rodent Exterminator
Grounds Maintenance Workers
SOC Description
Mix or apply pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, or insecticides through sprays, dusts, vapors, soil incorporation, or chemical application on trees, shrubs, lawns, or crops. Usually requires specific training and state or federal certification. Crop dusters are included in ??Commercial Pilots? (53-2012).
SOC Example
Fruit Sprayer, Weed Sprayer
SOC Description
Using sophisticated climbing and rigging techniques, cut away dead or excess branches from trees or shrubs to maintain right-of-way for roads, sidewalks, or utilities, or to improve appearance, health, and value of tree. Prune or treat trees or shrubs using handsaws, hand pruners, clippers, and power pruners. Works off the ground in the tree canopy and may use truck-mounted lifts. Excludes workers who primarily perform duties of ??Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers? (37-3011) and ??Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation? (37-3012).
SOC Example
Tree Specialist, Tree Surgeon
SOC Description
All grounds maintenance workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Trailhead Maintenance Worker, Tree Trimmer Helper
SOC Description
Landscape or maintain grounds of property using hand or power tools or equipment. Workers typically perform a variety of tasks, which may include any combination of the following: sod laying, mowing, trimming, planting, watering, fertilizing, digging, raking, sprinkler installation, and installation of mortarless segmental concrete masonry wall units. Excludes ??Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse? (45-2092).
SOC Example
Hedge Trimmer, Lawn Caretaker, Shrub Planter, String Xmas Lights
Supervisors of Personal Care and Service Workers
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of workers in assigned gambling areas. May circulate among tables, observe operations, and ensure that stations and games are covered for each shift. May verify and pay off jackpots. May reset slot machines after payoffs and make repairs or adjustments to slot machines or recommend removal of slot machines for repair. May plan and organize activities and services for guests in hotels/casinos.
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of entertainment and recreation related workers.
SOC Description
Supervise and coordinate activities of personal service workers.
SOC Example
Animal Trainer Supervisor, Caddy Master, Recreation Attendant Supervisor
Animal Care and Service Workers
SOC Description
Train animals for riding, harness, security, performance, or obedience, or for assisting persons with disabilities. Accustom animals to human voice and contact, and condition animals to respond to commands. Train animals according to prescribed standards for show or competition. May train animals to carry pack loads or work as part of pack team.
SOC Example
Guide Dog Trainer, Horse Breaker, Marine Mammal Trainer
SOC Description
Feed, water, groom, bathe, exercise, or otherwise provide care to promote and maintain the well-being of pets and other animals that are not raised for consumption, such as dogs, cats, race horses, ornamental fish or birds, zoo animals, and mice. Work in settings such as kennels, animal shelters, zoos, circuses, and aquariums. May keep records of feedings, treatments, and animals received or discharged. May clean, disinfect, and repair cages, pens, or fish tanks. Excludes ??Veterinary Assistants and Laboratory Animal Caretakers? (31-9096) and ??Farmworkers, Farm, Ranch, and Aquacultural Animals? (45-2093).
SOC Example
Animal Shelter Worker, Dog Groomer, Kennel Worker, Zookeeper
Entertainment Attendants and Related Workers
SOC Description
Operate table games. Stand or sit behind table and operate games of chance by dispensing the appropriate number of cards or blocks to players, or operating other gambling equipment. Distribute winnings or collect players?? money or chips. May compare the house??s hand against players?? hands.
SOC Example
Blackjack Dealer, Craps Dealer, Poker Dealer, Roulette Dealer
SOC Description
Post information enabling patrons to wager on various races and sporting events. Assist in the operation of games such as keno and bingo. May operate random number-generating equipment and announce the numbers for patrons. Receive, verify, and record patrons?? wagers. Scan and process winning tickets presented by patrons and pay out winnings for those wagers.
SOC Example
Betting Clerk, Keno Runner, Race Book Writer, Bingo Workers
SOC Description
Perform duties associated with bingo such as ensuring that players follow proper conduct in the bingo area, calling bingo ball values, checking bingo machine and balls, counting money, announcing winners and prizes, paying out prizes to winners, etc.
SOC Example
Bingo Attendant, Bingo Caller, Bingo Checker, Bingo Clerk, Bingo Usher, Bingo Worker.
SOC Description
Provide pull-tab gaming customer services including but not limited to greeting, taking and filling orders, collecting payment, and distributing winnings.
SOC Description
All gambling service workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Pit Clerk, Proposition Player, Shill
SOC Description
Set up and operate motion picture projection and related sound reproduction equipment.
SOC Example
Film Projector Operator, Movie Projectionist
SOC Description
Assist patrons at entertainment events by performing duties, such as collecting admission tickets and passes from patrons, assisting in finding seats, searching for lost articles, and helping patrons locate such facilities as restrooms and telephones.
SOC Example
Theater Usher, Ticket Collector
SOC Description
Perform a variety of attending duties at amusement or recreation facility. May schedule use of recreation facilities, maintain and provide equipment to participants of sporting events or recreational pursuits, or operate amusement concessions and rides.
SOC Example
Arcade Attendant, Golf Caddy, Ski Lift Operator, Pull Tab Dealer, Pull Tab Attendant
SOC Description
Select, fit, and take care of costumes for cast members, and aid entertainers. May assist with multiple costume changes during performances.
SOC Example
Theatrical Wardrobe Dresser, Wardrobe Attendant
SOC Description
Provide personal items to patrons or customers in locker rooms, dressing rooms, or coatrooms.
SOC Example
Bathhouse Attendant, Coat Checker, Washroom Attendant
SOC Description
All entertainment attendants and related workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Card Player, Cardroom Attendant, Chip Mucker, Dice Person, Dice Table Person, Entertainment Attendants and Related Workers all other, Entertainment Attendants all other, Floor Attendant, Gambler, Game Attendant, Game Room Attendant, Lottery Clerk exc sale
SOC Description
A production assistant, also known as a PA, is a member of the film crew and is a job title used in filmmaking and television for a person responsible for various aspects of a production. The job of a PA can vary greatly depending on the budget and specific requirements of a production as well as whether the production is unionized. Production assistants on films are sometimes attached to individual actors or filmmakers.
SOC Example
PA, Set PA, Truck PA, Locations PA, Office PA, Set Runner, Extra PA, Daily
Funeral Service Workers
SOC Description
Prepare bodies for interment in conformity with legal requirements.
SOC Example
Licensed Embalmer, Restorative Art Embalmer
SOC Description
Operate crematory equipment to reduce human or animal remains to bone fragments in accordance with state and local regulations. Duties may include preparing the body for cremation and performing general maintenance on crematory equipment. May use traditional flame-based cremation, calcination, or alkaline hydrolysis.
SOC Description
Perform a variety of tasks during funeral, such as placing casket in parlor or chapel prior to service, arranging floral offerings or lights around casket, directing or escorting mourners, closing casket, and issuing and storing funeral equipment.
SOC Example
Funeral Home Assistant, Mortician Helper, Pallbearer
SOC Description
Perform various tasks to arrange and direct individual funeral services, such as coordinating transportation of body to mortuary, interviewing family or other authorized person to arrange details, selecting pallbearers, aiding with the selection of officials for religious rites, and providing transportation for mourners. Excludes ??Funeral Home Managers? (11-9171).
SOC Example
Certified Mortician, Funeral Arranger
Personal Appearance Workers
SOC Description
Provide barbering services, such as cutting, trimming, shampooing, and styling hair; trimming beards; or giving shaves.
SOC Example
Barber Apprentice, Master Barber
SOC Description
Provide beauty services, such as cutting, coloring, and styling hair, and massaging and treating scalp. May shampoo hair, apply makeup, dress wigs, remove hair, and provide nail and skincare services. Excludes ??Makeup Artists, Theatrical and Performance? (39-5091), ??Manicurists and Pedicurists? (39-5092), and ??Skincare Specialists? (39-5094).
SOC Example
Beautician, Wig Stylist
SOC Description
Apply makeup to performers to reflect period, setting, and situation of their role.
SOC Example
Special Effects Makeup Artist
SOC Description
Provide skincare treatments to face and body to enhance an individual??s appearance. Includes electrologists and laser hair removal specialists.
SOC Example
Facialist, Medical Esthetician
SOC Description
Clean and shape customers?? fingernails and toenails. May polish or decorate nails.
SOC Example
Fingernail Sculptor, Nail Technician
SOC Description
Shampoo and rinse customers?? hair.
SOC Example
Scalp Treatment Specialist, Shampoo Assistant
Baggage Porters, Bellhops, and Concierges
SOC Description
Handle baggage for travelers at transportation terminals or for guests at hotels or similar establishments.
SOC Example
Bellstaff, Hotel Baggage Handler, Skycap
SOC Description
Assist patrons at hotel, apartment, or office building with personal services. May take messages; arrange or give advice on transportation, business services, or entertainment; or monitor guest requests for housekeeping and maintenance.
SOC Example
Activities Concierge, Hotel Concierge, Hotel Guest Service Agent
Tour and Travel Guides
SOC Description
Escort individuals or groups on sightseeing tours or through places of interest, such as industrial establishments, public buildings, and art galleries.
SOC Example
Historical Site Guide, Museum Guide, Sightseeing Guide
SOC Description
Plan, organize, and conduct long-distance travel, tours, and expeditions for individuals and groups.
SOC Example
Cruise Director, River Expedition Guide
Other Personal Care and Service Workers
SOC Description
Attend to children at schools, businesses, private households, and childcare institutions. Perform a variety of tasks, such as dressing, feeding, bathing, and overseeing play. Excludes ??Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education? (25-2011) and ??Teaching Assistants, Preschool, Elementary, Middle, and Secondary School, Except Special Education? (25-9042).
SOC Example
Au Pair, Daycare Provider, Nanny
SOC Description
Instruct or coach groups or individuals in exercise activities for the primary purpose of personal fitness. Demonstrate techniques and form, observe participants, and explain to them corrective measures necessary to improve their skills. Develop and implement individualized approaches to exercise. Excludes ??Educational Instruction and Library Occupations? (25-0000), ??Coaches and Scouts? (27-2022), and ??Athletic Trainers? (29-9091).
SOC Example
Personal Trainer, Yoga Instructor
SOC Description
Conduct recreation activities with groups in public, private, or volunteer agencies or recreation facilities. Organize and promote activities, such as arts and crafts, sports, games, music, dramatics, social recreation, camping, and hobbies, taking into account the needs and interests of individual members.
SOC Example
Activities Aide, Camp Counselor, Playground Worker
SOC Description
Coordinate activities in resident facilities in secondary school and college dormitories, group homes, or similar establishments. Order supplies and determine need for maintenance, repairs, and furnishings. May maintain household records and assign rooms. May assist residents with problem solving or refer them to counseling resources.
SOC Example
Dormitory Counselor, House Parent, Residence Life Coordinator
SOC Description
Assist a specific person <span style="font-weight:600">in a private household</span> with their daily business or personal tasks such as answering phone calls, taking notes, scheduling meetings, emailing, texts etc. Perform a variety of life management tasks, including running errands, arranging travel, paying bills, shopping, meal planning, remembering special occasions like birthdays, etc. Excludes Personal Care Aides, 399021.
SOC Example
Personal Aide (PA), Personal Secretary (PS)
SOC Description
Monitor inmate activity in a prison using CCTV.
SOC Description
All personal care and service workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Body Piercers, Powder Room Attendants, Pet Crematory Workers, Shoe Shiners, Slumber Room Attendants, Valets, Sauna Attendants.
Supervisors of Sales Workers
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of retail sales workers in an establishment or department. Duties may include management functions, such as purchasing, budgeting, accounting, and personnel work, in addition to supervisory duties.
SOC Example
Cashier Supervisor, Delicatessen Department Manager
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of sales workers other than retail sales workers. May perform duties such as budgeting, accounting, and personnel work, in addition to supervisory duties.
SOC Example
Insurance Sales Supervisor, Real Estate Sales Supervisor, Telemarketer Supervisor
Retail Sales Workers
SOC Description
Receive and disburse money in establishments other than financial institutions. May use electronic scanners, cash registers, or related equipment. May process credit or debit card transactions and validate checks. Excludes ??Gambling Change Persons and Booth Cashiers? (41-2012).
SOC Example
Cash Register Operator, Grocery Checker, Toll Collector
SOC Description
Exchange coins, tokens, and chips for patrons?? money. May issue payoffs and obtain customer??s signature on receipt. May operate a booth in the slot machine area and furnish change persons with money bank at the start of the shift, or count and audit money in drawers. Excludes ??Cashiers? (41-2011).
SOC Example
Mutuel Teller, Slot Attendant
SOC Description
Receive orders, generally in person, for repairs, rentals, and services. May describe available options, compute cost, and accept payment. Excludes ??Fast Food and Counter Workers? (35-3023), ??Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks? (43-4081), ??Order Clerks? (43-4151), and ??Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks? (43-4181).
SOC Example
Car Rental Agent, Dry Cleaning Counter Clerk
SOC Description
Sell spare and replacement parts and equipment in repair shop or parts store.
SOC Example
Auto Parts Salesperson, Electronic Parts Salesperson
SOC Description
Sell merchandise, such as furniture, motor vehicles, appliances, or apparel to consumers. Excludes ??Cashiers? (41-2011).
SOC Example
Used Car Salesperson, Women's Apparel Salesperson
SOC Description
Sell merchandise, such as furniture, motor vehicles, or appliances and earn a commission on revenue from sales transactions. Excludes "Cashiers" (41-2011) and "Retail Salespersons (Non-Commissioned Sales)" (41-2031).
SOC Example
New Car Salesperson
Sales Representatives, Services
SOC Description
Sell or solicit advertising space, time, or media in publications, signage, TV, radio, or Internet establishments or public spaces.
SOC Example
Advertising Account Executive, Display Advertising Sales Representative, Yellow Pages Space Salesperson
SOC Description
Sell life, property, casualty, health, automotive, or other types of insurance. May refer clients to independent brokers, work as an independent broker, or be employed by an insurance company.
SOC Example
Life Insurance Salesperson, Pension Agent
SOC Description
Buy and sell securities or commodities in investment and trading firms, or provide financial services to businesses and individuals. May advise customers about stocks, bonds, mutual funds, commodities, and market conditions.
SOC Example
Investment Banker, Securities Trader, Stock Broker
SOC Description
Plan and sell transportation and accommodations for customers. Determine destination, modes of transportation, travel dates, costs, and accommodations required. May also describe, plan, and arrange itineraries and sell tour packages. May assist in resolving clients?? travel problems.
SOC Example
Corporate Travel Expert, Travel Service Consultant
SOC Description
Advise customers about necessary service for routine maintenance. Help identify a mechanical problem by questioning the customer or doing a visual inspection or road test. Confer with customers about inspection results, recommend corrective procedures, and prepare work order for needed repairs. Write a brief description of the problem on the repair order to help the mechanic locate the problem. Explain the work performed and the charges to the customer. Handle customer complaints.
SOC Example
Service Advisor, Auto Advisor, Auto Service Advisor
SOC Description
Sell services to individuals or businesses. May describe options or resolve client problems. Excludes ??Advertising Sales Agents? (41-3011), ??Insurance Sales Agents? (41-3021), ??Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents? (41-3031), ??Travel Agents? (41-3041), ??Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing? (41-4010), and ??Telemarketers? (41-9041).
Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing
SOC Description
Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers to businesses or groups of individuals. Work requires substantial knowledge of items sold.
SOC Example
Hotel Supplies Salesperson, Pulpwood Dealer, Wholesale Diamond Broker
SOC Description
Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers where technical or scientific knowledge is required in such areas as biology, engineering, chemistry, and electronics, normally obtained from at least 2 years of postsecondary education. Excludes ??Sales Engineers? (41-9031).
SOC Example
Pharmaceutical Sales Representative, Surgical Instruments Sales Representative, Wholesale Ultrasonic Equipment Salesperson
Other Sales and Related Workers
SOC Description
Demonstrate merchandise and answer questions for the purpose of creating public interest in buying the product. May sell demonstrated merchandise.
SOC Example
Home Demonstrator, In-Store Demonstrator
SOC Description
Model garments or other apparel and accessories for prospective buyers at fashion shows, private showings, or retail establishments. May pose for photos to be used in magazines or advertisements. May pose as subject for paintings, sculptures, and other types of artistic expression.
SOC Example
Fashion Model, Hand Model, Photographer's Model
SOC Description
Operate real estate office, or work for commercial real estate firm, overseeing real estate transactions. Other duties usually include selling real estate or renting properties and arranging loans.
SOC Example
Licensed Real Estate Broker
SOC Description
Rent, buy, or sell property for clients. Perform duties such as study property listings, interview prospective clients, accompany clients to property site, discuss conditions of sale, and draw up real estate contracts. Includes agents who represent buyer.
SOC Example
Apartment Rental Agent, Right of Way Agent
SOC Description
Sell business goods or services, the selling of which requires a technical background equivalent to a baccalaureate degree in engineering. Excludes ??Engineers? (17-2011 through 17-2199) whose primary function is not marketing or sales.
SOC Example
Aerospace Products Sales Engineer, Missile Navigation Systems Sales Engineer, Nuclear Equipment Sales Engineer
SOC Description
Solicit donations or orders for goods or services over the telephone.
SOC Example
Telemarketing Sales Representative, Telephone Solicitor
SOC Description
Sell goods or services door-to-door or on the street.
SOC Example
Newspaper Carrier, Peddler, Souvenir Street Vendor
SOC Description
All sales and related workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Auctioneer, Blood Donor Recruiter, Personal Shopper, Store Gift Wrap Associate
Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of clerical and administrative support workers.
SOC Example
Clerical Supervisor, Payroll Supervisor, Teller Supervisor
Communications Equipment Operators
SOC Description
Operate telephone business systems equipment or switchboards to relay incoming, outgoing, and interoffice calls. May supply information to callers and record messages.
SOC Example
Private Branch Exchange Operator, Telephone Answering Service Operator, Telephone Switchboard Operator
SOC Description
Provide information by accessing alphabetical, geographical, or other directories. Assist customers with special billing requests, such as charges to a third party and credits or refunds for incorrectly dialed numbers or bad connections. May handle emergency calls and assist children or people with physical disabilities to make telephone calls.
SOC Example
Directory Assistance Operator, Long Distance Operator, Information Operator
SOC Description
All communications equipment operators not listed separately.
SOC Example
Fax Machine Operator
Financial Clerks
SOC Description
Locate and notify customers of delinquent accounts by mail, telephone, or personal visit to solicit payment. Duties include receiving payment and posting amount to customer??s account, preparing statements to credit department if customer fails to respond, initiating repossession proceedings or service disconnection, and keeping records of collection and status of accounts.
SOC Example
Collection Agent, Debt Collector, Repossessor
SOC Description
Compile, compute, and record billing, accounting, statistical, and other numerical data for billing purposes. Prepare billing invoices for services rendered or for delivery or shipment of goods. Excludes ??Medical Records Specialists? (29-2072).
SOC Example
Billing Clerk, Accounts Payable Clerk, Billing Coordinator, Accounts Receivable Clerk, Accounting Assistant, Billing Specialist, Contract Administrator, Health Care Billing Clerk
SOC Description
Compute, classify, and record numerical data to keep financial records complete. Perform any combination of routine calculating, posting, and verifying duties to obtain primary financial data for use in maintaining accounting records. May also check the accuracy of figures, calculations, and postings pertaining to business transactions recorded by other workers. Excludes ??Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks? (43-3051).
SOC Example
Accounts Receivable Clerk, Bookkeeper, Mortgage Accounting Clerk
SOC Description
In a gambling establishment, conduct financial transactions for patrons. Accept patron??s credit application and verify credit references to provide check-cashing authorization or to establish house credit accounts. May reconcile daily summaries of transactions to balance books. May sell gambling chips, tokens, or tickets to patrons, or to other workers for resale to patrons. May convert gambling chips, tokens, or tickets to currency upon patron??s request. May use a cash register or computer to record transaction.
SOC Example
Cage Cashier, Casino Cashier
SOC Description
Compile and record employee time and payroll data. May compute employees?? time worked, production, and commission. May compute and post wages and deductions, or prepare paychecks. Excludes ??Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks? (43-3031).
SOC Example
Time and Attendance Clerk, Timekeeper
SOC Description
Compile information and records to draw up purchase orders for procurement of materials and services. Excludes ??Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products? (13-1022).
SOC Example
Procurement Assistant, Purchasing Clerk
SOC Description
Receive and pay out money. Keep records of money and negotiable instruments involved in a financial institution??s various transactions.
SOC Example
Foreign Exchange Clerk, Money Order Clerk, Securities Teller
SOC Description
All financial clerks not listed separately.
SOC Example
Bank Vault Attendant, Financial Reserve Clerk, Safety Deposit Clerk, Bank Vault Clerk, Bank Vault Custodian, Financial Operations Clerk, Safe Deposit Clerk, Vault Teller
Information and Record Clerks
SOC Description
Perform duties related to the purchase, sale, or holding of securities. Duties include writing orders for stock purchases or sales, computing transfer taxes, verifying stock transactions, accepting and delivering securities, tracking stock price fluctuations, computing equity, distributing dividends, and keeping records of daily transactions and holdings.
SOC Example
Commodities Clerk, Dividend Clerk
SOC Description
Compose letters or electronic correspondence in reply to requests for merchandise, damage claims, credit and other information, delinquent accounts, incorrect billings, or unsatisfactory services. Duties may include gathering data to formulate reply and preparing correspondence.
SOC Example
Fan Mail Editor, Medicare Correspondence Representative
SOC Description
Perform clerical duties for courts of law, municipalities, or governmental licensing agencies and bureaus. May prepare docket of cases to be called; secure information for judges and court; prepare draft agendas or bylaws for town or city council; answer official correspondence; keep fiscal records and accounts; issue licenses or permits; and record data, administer tests, or collect fees. Clerks of Court are classified in ??Managers, All Other? (11-9199).
SOC Example
Circuit Court Clerk, Motor Vehicle License Clerk, Warrant Clerk
SOC Description
Authorize credit charges against customers?? accounts. Investigate history and credit standing of individuals or business establishments applying for credit. May interview applicants to obtain personal and financial data, determine credit worthiness, process applications, and notify customers of acceptance or rejection of credit.
SOC Example
Charge Authorizer, Commercial Credit Reviewer, Credit Rating Checker
SOC Description
Interact with customers to provide basic or scripted information in response to routine inquiries about products and services. May handle and resolve general complaints. Excludes individuals whose duties are primarily installation, sales, repair, and technical support.
SOC Example
Customer Compliant Clerk, Passenger Relations Representative, Warranty Clerk
SOC Description
Determine eligibility of persons applying to receive assistance from government programs and agency resources, such as welfare, unemployment benefits, social security, and public housing.
SOC Example
Medical Interviewer, Public Housing Interviewer, Unemployment Benefits Claims Taker, Social Security Benefits Interviewer
SOC Description
File correspondence, cards, invoices, receipts, and other records in alphabetical or numerical order or according to the filing system used. Locate and remove material from file when requested.
SOC Example
Filing Clerk, Records Clerk, Medical Records Clerk, Medical Records Filing Clerk
SOC Description
Accommodate hotel, motel, and resort patrons by registering and assigning rooms to guests, issuing room keys or cards, transmitting and receiving messages, keeping records of occupied rooms and guests?? accounts, making and confirming reservations, and presenting statements to and collecting payments from departing guests.
SOC Example
Hotel Front Desk Clerk, Hotel Registration Clerk
SOC Description
Interview persons by telephone, mail, in person, or by other means for the purpose of completing forms, applications, or questionnaires. Ask specific questions, record answers, and assist persons with completing form. May sort, classify, and file forms.
SOC Example
Census Taker, Market Research Interviewer, Outpatient Interviewing Clerk, Financial Counselors, Care Representatives, Admitting Interviewer, Census Clerk, Census Taker, Field Enumerator, Market Research Interviewer, Survey Interviewer, Telephone Interview
SOC Description
Compile records, and sort, shelve, issue, and receive library materials such as books, electronic media, pictures, cards, slides and microfilm. Locate library materials for loan and replace material in shelving area, stacks, or files according to identification number and title. Register patrons to permit them to borrow books, periodicals, and other library materials. Excludes ??Library Technicians? (25-4031).
SOC Example
Braille and Talking Books Clerk, Circulation Clerk, Microfilm Clerk
SOC Description
Interview loan applicants to elicit information; investigate applicants?? backgrounds and verify references; prepare loan request papers; and forward findings, reports, and documents to appraisal department. Review loan papers to ensure completeness, and complete transactions between loan establishment, borrowers, and sellers upon approval of loan.
SOC Example
Loan Processor, Mortgage Loan Closer
SOC Description
Interview persons desiring to open accounts in financial institutions. Explain account services available to prospective customers and assist them in preparing applications.
SOC Example
Bank Services Clerk, New Accounts Banking Representative
SOC Description
Receive and process incoming orders for materials, merchandise, classified ads, or services such as repairs, installations, or rental of facilities. Generally receives orders via mail, phone, fax, or other electronic means. Duties include informing customers of receipt, prices, shipping dates, and delays; preparing contracts; and handling complaints. Excludes ??Dispatchers, Except Police, Fire, and Ambulance? (43-5032) who both dispatch and take orders for services.
SOC Example
Catalogue Clerk, Classified Ad Clerk, Subscription Clerk
SOC Description
Compile and keep personnel records. Record data for each employee, such as address, weekly earnings, absences, amount of sales or production, supervisory reports, and date of and reason for termination. May prepare reports for employment records, file employment records, or search employee files and furnish information to authorized persons.
SOC Example
HR Clerk, Personnel Clerk
SOC Description
Answer inquiries and provide information to the general public, customers, visitors, and other interested parties regarding activities conducted at establishment and location of departments, offices, and employees within the organization. Excludes ??Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service? (43-2011).
SOC Example
Appointment Clerk, Front Desk Receptionist, Land Leasing Information Clerk
SOC Description
Make and confirm reservations for transportation or lodging, or sell transportation tickets. May check baggage and direct passengers to designated concourse, pier, or track; deliver tickets and contact individuals and groups to inform them of package tours; or provide tourists with travel or transportation information. Excludes "Cashiers? (41-2011), "Travel Agents? (41-3041), and "Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks? (43-4081) who sell tickets for local transportation.
SOC Example
Airline Ticket Agent, Gate Agent, Hotel Reservationist, Train Reservation Clerk
SOC Description
Check voter information, distribute ballots, and assist voters if needed. May count ballots and prepare official records.
SOC Example
Election Worker
SOC Description
All information and record clerks not listed separately.
SOC Example
Election Clerk, Probate Clerk, Student Admissions Clerk
Material Recording, Scheduling, Dispatching, and Distributing Workers
SOC Description
Expedite and route movement of incoming and outgoing cargo and freight shipments in airline, train, and trucking terminals and shipping docks. Take orders from customers and arrange pickup of freight and cargo for delivery to loading platform. Prepare and examine bills of lading to determine shipping charges and tariffs.
SOC Example
Cargo Router, Freight Shipping Agent, Ramp Service Agent
SOC Description
Pick up and deliver messages, documents, packages, and other items between offices or departments within an establishment or directly to other business concerns, traveling by foot, bicycle, motorcycle, automobile, or public conveyance. Excludes ??Light Truck Drivers? (53-3033).
SOC Example
Bicycle Messenger, Laboratory Courier, Office Runner
SOC Description
Operate telephone, radio, or other communication systems to receive and communicate requests for emergency assistance at 9-1-1 public safety answering points and emergency operations centers. Take information from the public and other sources regarding crimes, threats, disturbances, acts of terrorism, fires, medical emergencies, and other public safety matters. May coordinate and provide information to law enforcement and emergency response personnel. May access sensitive databases and other information sources as needed. May provide additional instructions to callers based on knowledge of and certification in law enforcement, fire, or emergency medical procedures.
SOC Example
Emergency Operator, 911 Operator, Police Radio Dispatcher
SOC Description
Schedule and dispatch workers, work crews, equipment, or service vehicles for conveyance of materials, freight, or passengers, or for normal installation, service, or emergency repairs rendered outside the place of business. Duties may include using radio, telephone, or computer to transmit assignments and compiling statistics and reports on work progress.
SOC Example
Taxicab Dispatcher, Tow Truck Dispatcher, Train Dispatcher
SOC Description
Read meter and record consumption of electricity, gas, water, or steam.
SOC Example
Electric Meter Reader, Gas Meter Reader, Water Meter Reader
SOC Description
Perform any combination of tasks in a United States Postal Service (USPS) post office, such as receive letters and parcels; sell postage and revenue stamps, postal cards, and stamped envelopes; fill out and sell money orders; place mail in pigeon holes of mail rack or in bags; and examine mail for correct postage. Includes postal service clerks employed by USPS contractors.
SOC Example
Bulk Mail Carrier, Parcel Post Clerk, Postal Service Window Clerk
SOC Description
Sort and deliver mail for the United States Postal Service (USPS). Deliver mail on established route by vehicle or on foot. Includes postal service mail carriers employed by USPS contractors.
SOC Example
Letter Carrier, Mail Deliverer, Rural Route Carrier
SOC Description
Prepare incoming and outgoing mail for distribution for the United States Postal Service (USPS). Examine, sort, and route mail. Load, operate, and occasionally adjust and repair mail processing, sorting, and canceling machinery. Keep records of shipments, pouches, and sacks, and perform other duties related to mail handling within the postal service. Includes postal service mail sorters and processors employed by USPS contractors. Excludes ??Postal Service Clerks? (43-5051) and ??Postal Service Mail Carriers? (43-5052).
SOC Example
Flat Sorting Machine Clerk, Mail Forwarding System Markup Clerk
SOC Description
Coordinate and expedite the flow of work and materials within or between departments of an establishment according to production schedule. Duties include reviewing and distributing production, work, and shipment schedules; conferring with department supervisors to determine progress of work and completion dates; and compiling reports on progress of work, inventory levels, costs, and production problems. Excludes ??Project Management Specialists? (13-1082) and ??Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping? (43-5111).
SOC Example
Expeditor, Material Control Clerk, Production Scheduler
SOC Description
Verify and maintain records on incoming and outgoing shipments involving inventory. Duties include verifying and recording incoming merchandise or material and arranging for the transportation of products. May prepare items for shipment. Excludes ??Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers, Recordkeeping? (43-5111), ??Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, except Postal Service? (43-9051), and ??Stockers and Order Fillers? (53-7065).
SOC Description
Weigh, measure, and check materials, supplies, and equipment for the purpose of keeping relevant records. Duties are primarily clerical by nature. Includes workers who collect and keep record of samples of products or materials. Excludes ??Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers? (51-9061).
SOC Example
Cheese Weighter, Scale Attendant, Weighting Station Operator
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants
SOC Description
Perform routine administrative functions such as drafting correspondence, scheduling appointments, organizing and maintaining paper and electronic files, or providing information to callers. Excludes legal, medical, and executive secretaries (43-6011 through 43-6013).
SOC Example
Office Secretary, Personal Secretary, School Secretary
SOC Description
Perform secretarial duties using specific knowledge of medical terminology and hospital, clinic, or laboratory procedures. Duties may include scheduling appointments, billing patients, and compiling and recording medical charts, reports, and correspondence.
SOC Example
Medical Administrative Assistants
SOC Description
Provide high-level administrative support by conducting research, preparing statistical reports, and handling information requests, as well as performing routine administrative functions such as preparing correspondence, receiving visitors, arranging conference calls, and scheduling meetings. May also train and supervise lower-level clerical staff. Excludes ??Secretaries? (43-6012 through 43-6014).
SOC Example
Executive Assistant
SOC Description
Perform secretarial duties using legal terminology, procedures, and documents. Prepare legal papers and correspondence, such as summonses, complaints, motions, and subpoenas. May also assist with legal research.
SOC Example
Law Secretary, Legal Administrative Assistant
Other Office and Administrative Support Workers
SOC Description
Use word processor, computer, or typewriter to type letters, reports, forms, or other material from rough draft, corrected copy, or voice recording. May perform other clerical duties as assigned. Excludes ??Court Reporters and Simultaneous Captioners? (27-3092), ??Medical Transcriptionists? (31-9094), ??Secretaries and Administrative Assistants? (43-6010), and ??Data Entry Keyers? (43-9021).
SOC Example
Clerk Typist, Transcription Typist
SOC Description
Operate data entry device, such as keyboard or photo composing perforator. Duties may include verifying data and preparing materials for printing. Excludes ??Word Processors and Typists? (43-9022).
SOC Example
Data Input Clerk, Data Typist
SOC Description
Format typescript and graphic elements using computer software to produce publication-ready material.
SOC Example
Desktop Publishing Specialist, Electronic Publisher
SOC Description
Process new insurance policies, modifications to existing policies, and claims forms. Obtain information from policyholders to verify the accuracy and completeness of information on claims forms, applications and related documents, and company records. Update existing policies and company records to reflect changes requested by policyholders and insurance company representatives. Excludes ??Claims Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators? (13-1031).
SOC Example
Insurance Claims Processor, Insurance Claims Specialist, Claims Specialist, Claims Technician, Healthcare Insurance Claims Processors
SOC Description
Prepare incoming and outgoing mail for distribution. Time-stamp, open, read, sort, and route incoming mail; and address, seal, stamp, fold, stuff, and affix postage to outgoing mail or packages. Duties may also include keeping necessary records and completed forms.
SOC Example
Direct Mail Clerk, Mailroom Clerk, Packaging Clerk
SOC Description
Perform duties too varied and diverse to be classified in any specific office clerical occupation, requiring knowledge of office systems and procedures. Clerical duties may be assigned in accordance with the office procedures of individual establishments and may include a combination of answering telephones, bookkeeping, typing or word processing, office machine operation, and filing.
SOC Example
Administrative Clerk, Office Assistant, Real Estate Clerk
SOC Description
Operate one or more of a variety of office machines, such as photocopying, photographic, and duplicating machines, or other office machines. Excludes ??Billing and Posting Clerks? (43-3021) and ??Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service? (43-9051).
SOC Example
Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators and Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators, Coin Wrapping Machine Operator, Copy Machine Operator
SOC Description
Read transcript or proof type setup to detect and mark for correction any grammatical, typographical, or compositional errors. Excludes workers whose primary duty is editing copy. Includes proofreaders of braille.
SOC Example
Braille Proofreader, Copy Reader, Editorial Assistant
SOC Description
Compile and compute data according to statistical formulas for use in statistical studies. May perform actuarial computations and compile charts and graphs for use by actuaries. Includes actuarial clerks.
SOC Example
Actuarial Assistant, Statistical Clerk
SOC Description
All office and administrative support workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Envelope Stuffer, Fingerprint Clerk, Notary Public
SOC Description
Ensure that the election is conducted fairly. Settle disputes over voter qualification and identification, deal with damaged and incorrectly marked ballots and take care of any other issues involving interpretation and enforcement of election laws. Officially open and close the polling place and be responsible for the safe and secure delivery of sealed ballot boxes to the vote counting facility after the polls close.
Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of agricultural, forestry, aquacultural, and related workers. Excludes ??First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers? (37-1012).
SOC Example
Faller Supervisor, Choker Setter Supervisor
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of logging workers, such as fallers, choker setters, chasers, rigging slingers and yarder engineers. May use hand or handheld power tools. Include Hook Tenders.
SOC Example
Faller Supervisor, Choker Setter Supervisor
Agricultural Workers
SOC Description
Inspect agricultural commodities, processing equipment, and facilities, and fish and logging operations, to ensure compliance with regulations and laws governing health, quality, and safety.
SOC Example
Cattle Examiner, Grain Sampler, Milk Tester
SOC Description
Select and breed animals according to their genealogy, characteristics, and offspring. May require knowledge of artificial insemination techniques and equipment use. May involve keeping records on heats, birth intervals, or pedigree. Excludes ??Animal Scientists? (19-1011) whose primary function is research and ??Animal Caretakers? (39-2021) who may occasionally breed animals as part of their other caretaking duties.
SOC Example
Dairy Husbandry Worker, Horse Breeder
SOC Description
Grade, sort, or classify unprocessed food and other agricultural products by size, weight, color, or condition. Excludes ??Agricultural Inspectors? (45-2011).
SOC Example
Cotton Grader, Egg Grader, Fruit Sorter, Meat Grader
SOC Description
Drive and control equipment to support agricultural activities such as tilling soil; planting, cultivating, and harvesting crops; feeding and herding livestock; or removing animal waste. May perform tasks such as crop baling or hay bucking. May operate stationary equipment to perform post-harvest tasks such as husking, shelling, threshing, and ginning.
SOC Example
Combine Operator, Hay Baler, Tractor Operator
SOC Description
Manually plant, cultivate, and harvest vegetables, fruits, nuts, horticultural specialties, and field crops. Use hand tools, such as shovels, trowels, hoes, tampers, pruning hooks, shears, and knives. Duties may include tilling soil and applying fertilizers; transplanting, weeding, thinning, or pruning crops; applying pesticides; or cleaning, grading, sorting, packing, and loading harvested products. May construct trellises, repair fences and farm buildings, or participate in irrigation activities. Excludes ??Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation? (37-3012), ??Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products? (45-2041), and ??Forest, Conservation, and Logging Workers? (45-4011 through 45-4029).
SOC Example
Greenhouse Transplanter, Pecan Gatherer, Pepper Picker
SOC Description
Attend to live farm, ranch, open range or aquacultural animals that may include cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses and other equines, poultry, rabbits, finfish, shellfish, and bees. Attend to animals produced for animal products, such as meat, fur, skins, feathers, eggs, milk, and honey. Duties may include feeding, watering, herding, grazing, milking, castrating, branding, de-beaking, weighing, catching, and loading animals. May maintain records on animals; examine animals to detect diseases and injuries; assist in birth deliveries; and administer medications, vaccinations, or insecticides as appropriate. May clean and maintain animal housing areas. Includes workers who shear wool from sheep and collect eggs in hatcheries.
SOC Example
Cattle Brander, Sheep Shearer, Shrimp Pond Laborer
SOC Description
All agricultural workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Crop Scout, Irrigation Worker
Fishing and Hunting Workers
SOC Description
Hunt, trap, catch, or gather wild animals or aquatic animals and plants. May use nets, traps, or other equipment. May haul catch onto ship or other vessel. Aquacultural laborers who work on fish farms are included in ??Farmworkers, Farm, Ranch, and Aquacultural Animals? (45-2093).
SOC Example
Seaweed Harvester, Wild Oyster Harvester
Forest, Conservation, and Logging Workers
SOC Description
Under supervision, perform manual labor necessary to develop, maintain, or protect areas such as forests, forested areas, woodlands, wetlands, and rangelands through such activities as raising and transporting seedlings; combating insects, pests, and diseases harmful to plant life; and building structures to control water, erosion, and leaching of soil. Includes forester aides, seedling pullers, tree planters, and gatherers of nontimber forestry products such as pine straw.
SOC Example
Forestry Laborer, Rangelands Conservation Laborer, Reforestation Worker, Wetlands Conservation Laborer
SOC Description
Use axes or chainsaws to fell trees using knowledge of tree characteristics and cutting techniques to control direction of fall and minimize tree damage.
SOC Example
Timber faller
SOC Description
Fasten or release choker cable around logs. Trim limbs from fallen trees using axes and chainsaws. Include ??Rigging Slingers?.
SOC Example
Timber faller
SOC Description
Drive logging tractor or wheeled vehicle equipped with one or more accessories, such as bulldozer blade, frontal shear, grapple, logging arch, cable winches, hoisting rack, or crane boom, to fell tree; to skid, load, unload, or stack logs; or to pull stumps or clear brush. Includes operating stand-alone logging machines, such as log chippers. Logging truck drivers are included in ??Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers? (53-3032).
SOC Example
Grapple Skidder Operator, Log Hauler, Logging Tractor Operator, Lumber Stacker Operator
SOC Description
Grade logs or estimate the marketable content or value of logs or pulpwood in sorting yards, millpond, log deck, or similar locations. Inspect logs for defects or measure logs to determine volume. Excludes ??Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products? (13-1021).
SOC Example
Log Check Scalers, Timber Estimator, Veneer Grader
SOC Description
All logging workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Log Roper, Rigging Slinger, Timber Hand
Supervisors of Construction and Extraction Workers
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of construction or extraction workers.
SOC Example
Carpenter Supervisor, Quarry Boss, Rig Supervisor, Solar Panel Installation Supervisor
Construction Trades Workers
SOC Description
Construct, assemble, maintain, and repair stationary steam boilers and boiler house auxiliaries. Align structures or plate sections to assemble boiler frame tanks or vats, following blueprints. Work involves use of hand and power tools, plumb bobs, levels, wedges, dogs, or turnbuckles. Assist in testing assembled vessels. Direct cleaning of boilers and boiler furnaces. Inspect and repair boiler fittings, such as safety valves, regulators, automatic-control mechanisms, water columns, and auxiliary machines.
SOC Example
Boiler Maker, Boiler Mechanic, Boiler Repairman, Boiler Service Technician, Boiler Technician, Boilermaker, Boilermaker Mechanic, Boilermaker Pipe Fitter, Boilermaker Welder
SOC Description
Build stone structures, such as piers, walls, and abutments. Lay walks, curbstones, or special types of masonry for vats, tanks, and floors.
SOC Example
Curbstone Setter, Granite Setter, Monument Mason
SOC Description
Lay and bind building materials, such as brick, structural tile, concrete block, cinder block, glass block, and terra-cotta block, with mortar and other substances, to construct or repair walls, partitions, arches, sewers, and other structures. Installers of mortarless segmental concrete masonry wall units are classified in ??Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers? (37-3011). Excludes ??Stonemasons? (47-2022).
SOC Example
Adobe Layer, Brick Chimney Builder, Refractory Bricklayer
SOC Description
Construct, erect, install, or repair structures and fixtures made of wood and comparable materials, such as concrete forms; building frameworks, including partitions, joists, studding, and rafters; and wood stairways, window and door frames, and hardwood floors. May also install cabinets, siding, drywall, and batt or roll insulation. Includes brattice builders who build doors or brattices (ventilation walls or partitions) in underground passageways.
SOC Example
Building Carpenter, Custom Wood Stair Builder, Wood Floor Layer
SOC Description
Lay and install carpet from rolls or blocks on floors. Install padding and trim flooring materials. Excludes ??Floor Layers, Except Carpet, Wood, and Hard Tiles? (47-2042).
SOC Example
Carpet Layer, Wall-to-Wall Carpet Installer
SOC Description
Apply blocks, strips, or sheets of shock-absorbing, sound-deadening, or decorative coverings to floors.
SOC Example
Composition Floor Layer, Cork Floor Installer, Linoleum Installer, Shock-Absorption Floor Installer
SOC Description
Scrape and sand wooden floors to smooth surfaces using floor scraper and floor sanding machine, and apply coats of finish.
SOC Example
Floor Sanding Machine Operator, Floor Scraper, Hardwood Finisher
SOC Description
Apply hard tile, stone, and comparable materials to walls, floors, ceilings, countertops, and roof decks.
SOC Example
Ceramic Tile Installer, Hard Tile Setter, Marble Ceiling Installer, parquet Floor Layer
SOC Description
Smooth and finish surfaces of poured concrete, such as floors, walks, sidewalks, roads, or curbs using a variety of hand and power tools. Align forms for sidewalks, curbs, or gutters; patch voids; and use saws to cut expansion joints. Installers of mortarless segmental concrete masonry wall units are classified in ??Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers? (37-3011).
SOC Example
Cement Patcher, Concrete Floor Installer, Concrete Swimming Pool Installer
SOC Description
Apply a mixture of cement, sand, pigment, or marble chips to floors, stairways, and cabinet fixtures to fashion durable and decorative surfaces.
SOC Example
Onyx-Chip Terrazzo Worker, Terrazzo Grinder, Terrazzo Setter
SOC Description
Perform tasks involving physical labor at construction sites. May operate hand and power tools of all types: air hammers, earth tampers, cement mixers, small mechanical hoists, surveying and measuring equipment, and a variety of other equipment and instruments. May clean and prepare sites, dig trenches, set braces to support the sides of excavations, erect scaffolding, and clean up rubble, debris, and other waste materials. May assist other craft workers. Construction laborers who primarily assist a particular craft worker are classified under ??Helpers, Construction Trades? (47-3010). Excludes ??Hazardous Materials Removal Workers? (47-4041).
SOC Example
Air Hammer Operator, Construction Craft Laborer, Construction Trench Digger
SOC Description
Operate equipment used for applying concrete, asphalt, or other materials to road beds, parking lots, or airport runways and taxiways or for tamping gravel, dirt, or other materials. Includes concrete and asphalt paving machine operators, form tampers, tamping machine operators, and stone spreader operators.
SOC Example
Asphalt Roller Operator, Blacktop-Paver Operator, Road Grader
SOC Description
Operate pile drivers mounted on skids, barges, crawler treads, or locomotive cranes to drive pilings for retaining walls, bulkheads, and foundations of structures such as buildings, bridges, and piers.
SOC Example
Hydraulic Pile Hammer Operator, Vibratory Pile Driver
SOC Description
Operate one or several types of power construction equipment, such as motor graders, bulldozers, scrapers, compressors, pumps, derricks, shovels, tractors, or front-end loaders to excavate, move, and grade earth, erect structures, or pour concrete or other hard surface pavement. May repair and maintain equipment in addition to other duties. Excludes ??Extraction Workers? (47-5000) and ??Crane and Tower Operators? (53-7021).
SOC Example
Bulldozer Operator, Steam Shovel Operator
SOC Description
Apply plasterboard or other wallboard to ceilings or interior walls of buildings. Apply or mount acoustical tiles or blocks, strips, or sheets of shock-absorbing materials to ceilings and walls of buildings to reduce or reflect sound. Materials may be of decorative quality. Includes lathers who fasten wooden, metal, or rockboard lath to walls, ceilings, or partitions of buildings to provide support base for plaster, fireproofing, or acoustical material. Excludes ??Carpenters? (47-2031), ??Carpet Installers? (47-2041), and ??Tile and Stone Setters? (47-2044).
SOC Example
Acoustical Ceiling Installer, Drywall Finisher, Sheet Rock Hanger
SOC Description
Seal joints between plasterboard or other wallboard to prepare wall surface for painting or papering.
SOC Example
Drywall Taper, Sheet Rock Taper, Wall Taper
SOC Description
Install, maintain, and repair electrical wiring, equipment, and fixtures. Ensure that work is in accordance with relevant codes. May install or service street lights, intercom systems, or electrical control systems. Excludes ??Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers? (49-2098).
SOC Example
Electrical Sign Wirer, Master Electrician, Solar Photovoltaic Electrician
SOC Description
Maintain and remove trees and other vegetation to ensure the proper functioning of electric power lines and equipment without interference.
SOC Example
Utility Arborist
SOC Description
Install glass in windows, skylights, store fronts, and display cases, or on surfaces, such as building fronts, interior walls, ceilings, and tabletops.
SOC Example
Plate Glass Installer, Stained Glass Joiner
SOC Description
Line and cover structures with insulating materials. May work with batt, roll, or blown insulation materials.
SOC Example
Ceiling Insulation Blower, Composition Weatherboard Installer, Interior Surface Insulation Worker
SOC Description
Apply insulating materials to pipes or ductwork, or other mechanical systems in order to help control and maintain temperature.
SOC Example
Boiler Coverer, Pipe Coverer, Pipe Insulator
SOC Description
Paint walls, equipment, buildings, bridges, and other structural surfaces, using brushes, rollers, and spray guns. May remove old paint to prepare surface prior to painting. May mix colors or oils to obtain desired color or consistency. Excludes ??Paperhangers? (47-2142).
SOC Example
Bridge Painter, House Painter, Traffic Line Painter
SOC Description
Cover interior walls or ceilings of rooms with decorative wallpaper or fabric, or attach advertising posters on surfaces such as walls and billboards. May remove old materials or prepare surfaces to be papered.
SOC Example
Billboard Poster, Wall Covering Installer, Wallpaperer
SOC Description
Lay pipe for storm or sanitation sewers, drains, and water mains. Perform any combination of the following tasks: grade trenches or culverts, position pipe, or seal joints. Excludes ??Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers? (51-4121).
SOC Example
Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers, Cast-Iron Drain Pipe Layer, Trench Pipe Layer, Water Main Pipe Layer
SOC Description
Assemble, install, alter, and repair pipelines or pipe systems that carry water, steam, air, or other liquids or gases. May install heating and cooling equipment and mechanical control systems. Includes sprinkler fitters.
SOC Example
Fire Sprinkler Installer, Solar Thermal Installer, Sprinkler Fitter, Journeyman Plumber
SOC Description
Apply interior or exterior plaster, cement, stucco, or similar materials. May also set ornamental plaster.
SOC Example
Ornamental Plasterer, Stucco Worker, Swimming Pool Plasterer
SOC Description
Position and secure steel bars or mesh in concrete forms in order to reinforce concrete. Use a variety of fasteners, rod-bending machines, blowtorches, and hand tools. Includes rod busters.
SOC Example
Post Tensioning Iron Worker, Steel Rod Buster
SOC Description
Cover roofs of structures with shingles, slate, asphalt, aluminum, wood, or related materials. May spray roofs, sidings, and walls with material to bind, seal, insulate, or soundproof sections of structures.
SOC Example
Hot Tar Roofer, Shingles Roofer, Terra Cotta Roofer
SOC Description
Fabricate, assemble, install, and repair sheet metal products and equipment, such as ducts, control boxes, drainpipes, and furnace casings. Work may involve any of the following: setting up and operating fabricating machines to cut, bend, and straighten sheet metal; shaping metal over anvils, blocks, or forms using hammer; operating soldering and welding equipment to join sheet metal parts; or inspecting, assembling, and smoothing seams and joints of burred surfaces. Includes sheet metal duct installers who install prefabricated sheet metal ducts used for heating, air conditioning, or other purposes.
SOC Example
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Sheet Metal Installer; Sheet Metal Former; Tinsmith
SOC Description
Raise, place, and unite iron or steel girders, columns, and other structural members to form completed structures or structural frameworks. May erect metal storage tanks and assemble prefabricated metal buildings. Excludes ??Reinforcing Iron and Rebar Workers? (47-2171).
SOC Example
Bridge Ironworker, Precast Concrete Ironworker, Wind Turbine Erector
SOC Description
Assemble, install, or maintain solar photovoltaic (PV) systems on roofs or other structures in compliance with site assessment and schematics. May include measuring, cutting, assembling, and bolting structural framing and solar modules. May perform minor electrical work such as current checks. Excludes solar PV electricians who are included in ??Electricians? (47-2111) and solar thermal installers who are included in ??Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters? (47-2152).
SOC Example
Photovoltaic (PV) Installation Technician, Solar PV Installer
Helpers, Construction Trades
SOC Description
Help brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, or tile and marble setters by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Construction laborers who do not primarily assist brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons or tile and marble setters are classified under ??Construction Laborers? (47-2061). Apprentice workers are classified with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2231).
SOC Example
Brick Carrier, Brick Washer, Refractory Tile Helper
SOC Description
Help carpenters by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Construction laborers who do not primarily assist carpenters are classified under ??Construction Laborers? (47-2061). Apprentice workers are classified with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2231).
SOC Example
Carpenter Assistant, Hardwood Floor Installation Helper
SOC Description
Help electricians by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Construction laborers who do not primarily assist electricians are classified under ??Construction Laborers? (47-2061). Apprentice workers are classified with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2231).
SOC Example
Marine Electrician Helper, Stage Electrician helper
SOC Description
Help painters, paperhangers, plasterers, or stucco masons by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Construction laborers who do not primarily assist painters, paperhangers, plasterers, or stucco masons are classified under ??Construction Laborers? (47-2061). Apprentice workers are classified with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2231).
SOC Example
Bridge Painter Helper, Dry Plasterer Helper, Wallpaperer Helper
SOC Description
Help plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters, or pipelayers by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Construction laborers who do not primarily assist plumbers, pipefitters, steamfitters, or pipelayers are classified under ??Construction Laborers? (47-2061). Apprentice workers are classified with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2231).
SOC Example
Industrial Gas Fitter Helper, Marine Pipefitter Helper, Plumber Assistant, Water Main Installer Helper
SOC Description
Help roofers by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include using, supplying, or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Construction laborers who do not primarily assist roofers are classified under ??Construction Laborers? (47-2061). Apprentice workers are classified with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2231).
SOC Example
hot Tar Roofer Helper, Shingles Roofer Helper, Slate Roofer Helper, Terra Cotta Roofer Helper
SOC Description
All construction trades helpers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Cellulose Insulation Helper, Drywall Hanger Helper, Rod Buster Helper, Terrazzo Finisher Helper
Other Construction and Related Workers
SOC Description
Inspect structures using engineering skills to determine structural soundness and compliance with specifications, building codes, and other regulations. Inspections may be general in nature or may be limited to a specific area, such as electrical systems or plumbing.
SOC Example
Electrical Inspector, Elevator Inspector, Highway Inspector
SOC Description
Assemble, install, repair, or maintain electric or hydraulic freight or passenger elevators, escalators, or dumbwaiters.
SOC Example
Elevator Mechanic, Escalator Installer, Hydraulic Elevator Constructor
SOC Description
Erect and repair fences and fence gates, using hand and power tools.
SOC Example
Wire Fence Builder, Wood Fence Installer
SOC Description
Identify, remove, pack, transport, or dispose of hazardous materials, including asbestos, lead-based paint, waste oil, fuel, transmission fluid, radioactive materials, or contaminated soil. Specialized training and certification in hazardous materials handling or a confined entry permit are generally required. May operate earth-moving equipment or trucks.
SOC Example
Asbestos Abatement Worker, Decontamination Worker, Irradiated Fuel Handler
SOC Description
Maintain highways, municipal and rural roads, airport runways, and rights-of-way. Duties include patching broken or eroded pavement and repairing guard rails, highway markers, and snow fences. May also mow or clear brush from along road, or plow snow from roadway. Excludes ??Tree Trimmers and Pruners? (37-3013).
SOC Example
Road Patcher, Road Sign Installer
SOC Description
Lay, repair, and maintain track for standard or narrow-gauge railroad equipment used in regular railroad service or in plant yards, quarries, sand and gravel pits, and mines. Includes ballast cleaning machine operators and railroad bed tamping machine operators.
SOC Example
Rail Maintenance Worker, Track Repairer, Track Surfacing Machine Operator
SOC Description
Clean and repair septic tanks, sewer lines, or drains. May patch walls and partitions of tank, replace damaged drain tile, or repair breaks in underground piping.
SOC Example
Electric Sewer Cleaning Machine Operator, Septic Tank Cleaner, Sewage Screen Operator
SOC Description
Lay out, cut, and place segmental paving units. Includes installers of bedding and restraining materials for the paving units.
SOC Example
Concrete Pavement Installer, Paving Stone Installer
SOC Description
All construction and related workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Aluminum Pool Installer, Waterproofer
Extraction Workers
SOC Description
Rig derrick equipment and operate pumps to circulate mud or fluid through drill hole.
SOC Example
Rotary Derrick Operator, Well Service Derrick Worker
SOC Description
Set up or operate a variety of drills to remove underground oil and gas, or remove core samples for testing during oil and gas exploration. Excludes ??Earth Drillers, Except Oil and Gas? (47-5023).
SOC Example
Oil Well Cable Tool Operator, Oil Well Driller
SOC Description
Operate equipment to increase oil flow from producing wells or to remove stuck pipe, casing, tools, or other obstructions from drilling wells. Includes fishing-tool technicians.
SOC Example
Well Servicing Rig Operator
SOC Description
Operate or tend machinery at surface mining site, equipped with scoops, shovels, or buckets to excavate and load loose materials.
SOC Description
Operate one or several types of power mining equipment. Operate off road heavy haul units topside. Must perform pre-operation inspection and light mechanical duties safely. May repair and maintain equipment in addition to other duties. Exclude "Crane and Tower Operators".
SOC Example
Heavy Equipment Operator, Mining Equipment Operator
SOC Description
Perform duties using tools/machines/devices to remove all the remaining rock or clay from a pregnant solution. Move Material to de-areator tanks. Clarify solution.
SOC Description
Operate a variety of drills such as rotary, churn, and pneumatic to tap subsurface water and salt deposits, to remove core samples during mineral exploration or soil testing, and to facilitate the use of explosives in mining or construction. Includes horizontal and earth boring machine operators.
SOC Description
Place and detonate explosives to demolish structures or to loosen, remove, or displace earth, rock, or other materials. May perform specialized handling, storage, and accounting procedures.
SOC Example
Blast Setter, Dynamiter, Explosive Technician
SOC Description
All underground mining machine operators not listed separately.
SOC Example
Dry Placer Machine Operator, Rock Dust Sprayer
SOC Description
Operate machinery to install roof support bolts in underground mine.
SOC Description
Perform duties using tools/machines/devices to remove all the remaining rock or clay from a pregnant solution. Move Material to de-areator tanks. Clarify solution.
SOC Description
Operate underground loading or moving machine to load or move core, ore, or rock using shuttle or mine car or conveyors. Equipment may include power shovels, hoisting engines equipped with cable-drawn scraper or scoop, or machines equipped with gathering arms and conveyor.
SOC Description
Operate self-propelled mining machines that rip coal, metal and nonmetal ores, rock, stone, or sand from the mine face and load it onto conveyors, shuttle cars, or trucks in a continuous operation.
SOC Example
Continuous Mining Machine Lode Miner, Self-Propelled Mining Machine Operator
SOC Description
Operate one or several types of power mining equipment. Operate off road heavy haul units underground. Must perform pre-operation inspection and light mechanical duties safely. May repair and maintain equipment in addition to other duties. Exclude "Crane and Tower Operators".
SOC Example
Heavy Equipment Operator, Mining Equipment Operator
SOC Description
Separate blocks of rough dimension stone from quarry mass using jackhammers, wedges, or chop saws.
SOC Example
Quarry Plug and Feather Driller, Sandstone Splitter
SOC Description
Assemble or repair oil field equipment using hand and power tools. Perform other tasks as needed.
SOC Example
Oil Field Roustabout, Oil Rig Roughneck
SOC Description
Help extraction craft workers, such as earth drillers, blasters and explosives workers, derrick operators, and mining machine operators, by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include supplying equipment or cleaning work area. Apprentice workers are classified with the appropriate skilled construction trade occupation (47-2011 through 47-2231).
SOC Example
Blaster Helper, Mining Helper, Roof Bolter Helper, Driller Helper
SOC Description
All extraction workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Sandfill Operator
SOC Description
Remove ore, coal or rock from the earth using hand or handheld power tools. May build and install wall and ceiling supports, develop ventilation or lay track.
SOC Example
Ore Miner, Rock Miner
Supervisors of Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of mechanics, installers, and repairers. May also advise customers on recommended services. Excludes team or work leaders.
SOC Example
Automobile Body Repair Supervisor, Fleet Maintenance Supervisor, Railroad Car Repair Supervisor
Electrical and Electronic Equipment Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers
SOC Description
Repair, maintain, or install computers, word processing systems, automated teller machines, and electronic office machines, such as duplicating and fax machines.
SOC Example
ATM Servicer, Cash Register Servicer, Data Processing Equipment Repairer
SOC Description
Repair, install, or maintain mobile or stationary radio transmitting, broadcasting, and receiving equipment, and two-way radio communications systems used in cellular telecommunications, mobile broadband, ship-to-shore, aircraft-to-ground communications, and radio equipment in service and emergency vehicles. May test and analyze network coverage.
SOC Example
Radio Frequency Technician, Radio Mechanic, Two-Way Radio Technician
SOC Description
Install, set up, rearrange, or remove switching, distribution, routing, and dialing equipment used in central offices or headends. Service or repair telephone, cable television, Internet, and other communications equipment on customers?? property. May install communications equipment or communications wiring in buildings. Excludes ??Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers? (49-9052).
SOC Example
Fiber Optic Central Office Installer, Private Branch Exchange (PBX) Installer and Repairer
SOC Description
Repair, maintain, or install electric motors, wiring, or switches.
SOC Example
Armature Rewinder, Electrical Parts Reconditioner
SOC Description
Install, program, maintain, and repair security and fire alarm wiring and equipment. Ensure that work is in accordance with relevant codes. Excludes ??Electricians? (47-2111) who do a broad range of electrical wiring.
SOC Example
Burglar Alarm Installer, Fire Alarm Installer, home Security Alarm Installer
SOC Description
Install, repair, or adjust audio or television receivers, stereo systems, camcorders, video systems, or other electronic entertainment equipment in homes or other venues. May perform routine maintenance. Excludes ??Audio and Video Technicians? (27-4011).
SOC Example
Electronic Musical Instrument Repairer, Home Theater Installer, Satellite Dish Installer, Wireless Internet Installer
SOC Description
Install, diagnose, or repair communications, sound, security, or navigation equipment in motor vehicles.
SOC Example
Automotive Electrician, Car Alarm Installer, Car Stereo Installer, GPS Car Navigation Installer
SOC Description
Inspect, test, repair, or maintain electrical equipment in generating stations, substations, and in-service relays.
SOC Example
Power Transformer Repairer, Powerhouse Electrician, Relay Technician
SOC Description
Repair, test, adjust, or install electronic equipment, such as industrial controls, transmitters, and antennas. Excludes ??Avionics Technicians? (49-2091), ??Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment? (49-2093), and ??Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles? (49-2096).
SOC Example
Industrial Robotics Mechanic, Missile Pad Mechanic, Public Address System Mechanic
SOC Description
Install, adjust, or maintain mobile electronics communication equipment, including sound, sonar, security, navigation, and surveillance systems on trains, watercraft, or other mobile equipment. Excludes ??Avionics Technicians? (49-2091) and ??Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles? (49-2096).
SOC Example
Locomotive Electrician, Marine Electronics Repairer
SOC Description
Install, inspect, test, adjust, or repair avionics equipment, such as radar, radio, navigation, and missile control systems in aircraft or space vehicles.
SOC Example
Aircraft Electrician, Aircraft Instrument Mechanic, Automatic pilot Mechanic
Vehicle and Mobile Equipment Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers
SOC Description
Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul aircraft engines and assemblies, such as hydraulic and pneumatic systems. Excludes ??Avionics Technicians? (49-2091).
SOC Example
Aircraft Engine Specialist, Airframe Mechanic, Flight Test Mechanic
SOC Description
Repair and refinish automotive vehicle bodies and straighten vehicle frames. Excludes ??Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers? (49-3022) and ??Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders? (51-9124).
SOC Example
Auto Body Customizer, Auto Bumper Straightener, Truck Body Repairer
SOC Description
Replace or repair broken windshields and window glass in motor vehicles.
SOC Example
Auto Glass Mechanic, Automotive Glazier, Windshield Installer
SOC Description
Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul automotive vehicles. Excludes ??Automotive Body and Related Repairers? (49-3021), ??Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists? (49-3031), and ??Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles? (49-2096).
SOC Example
Auto Transmission Specialist, Automotive Brake Technician, Automotive Fuel Injection Servicer, Hybrid Car Mechanic
SOC Description
Perform routine maintenance as well as minor/major repairs of ground equipment and automobiles at an airport. Repairs are made indoors in a garage or outdoors on the ramp. Responsibilities include: repairing and overhauling ground support equipment, performing troubleshooting of ground support equipment, maintaining equipment in a safe condition, performing preventative and routine maintenance servicing, keeping tools and support equipment in safe and operational working conditions, keeping work areas clean and free of hazards.
SOC Example
Lead GSE Mechanic, GSE Mechanic, Jr. GSE Mechanic, Ground Support Equipment Mechanic
SOC Description
Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul buses and trucks, or maintain and repair any type of diesel engines. Includes mechanics working primarily with automobile or marine diesel engines.
SOC Example
Biodiesel Engine Specialist, Marine Diesel Technician, School Bus Mechanic, Tractor Trailer Mechanic
SOC Description
Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul railroad rolling stock, mine cars, or mass transit rail cars. Excludes ??Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists? (49-3031).
SOC Example
Mine Car Mechanic, Street Car Repairer, Subway Car Repairer, Trolley Car Overhauler
SOC Description
Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul farm machinery and vehicles, such as tractors, harvesters, dairy equipment, and irrigation systems. Excludes ??Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists? (49-3031).
SOC Example
Combine Mechanic, Dairy Equipment Repairer, irrigation Equipment Mechanic
SOC Description
Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul mobile mechanical, hydraulic, and pneumatic equipment, such as cranes, bulldozers, graders, and conveyors, used in construction, logging, and mining. Excludes ??Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists? (49-3031) and ??Rail Car Repairers? (49-3043).
SOC Example
Bulldozer Mechanic, Construction Equipment Mechanic, Forklift Mechanic
SOC Description
Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul motorcycles, scooters, mopeds, dirt bikes, or similar motorized vehicles.
SOC Example
All Terrain Vehicle Technician, Motorcycle Service Technician, Motor Scooter Mechanic
SOC Description
Diagnose, adjust, repair, or overhaul small engines used to power lawn mowers, chain saws, recreational sporting equipment, and related equipment.
SOC Example
Golf Cart Mechanic, Lawn Mower Repairer, Mobility Scooter Repairer, Power Saw Mechanic
SOC Description
Repair and adjust electrical and mechanical equipment of inboard or inboard-outboard boat engines. Excludes ??Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists? (49-3031).
SOC Example
Certified Marine Mechanic, Outboard Motor Mechanic
SOC Description
Repair and service bicycles.
SOC Example
Bicycle Mechanic, Bicycle Service Technician
SOC Description
Diagnose, inspect, adjust, repair, or overhaul recreational vehicles including travel trailers. May specialize in maintaining gas, electrical, hydraulic, plumbing, or chassis/towing systems as well as repairing generators, appliances, and interior components. Includes workers who perform customized van conversions. Excludes ??Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics? (49-3023) and ??Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists? (49-3031) who also work on recreation vehicles.
SOC Example
Recreational Vehicle (RV) Repairer, RV Mechanic
SOC Description
Repair and replace tires.
SOC Example
Tire Balancer, Tire Fixer
Other Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations
SOC Description
Install, service, or repair automatic door mechanisms and hydraulic doors. Includes garage door mechanics.
SOC Example
Automatic Door Mechanic
SOC Description
Install, repair, and maintain mechanical regulating and controlling devices, such as electric meters, gas regulators, thermostats, safety and flow valves, and other mechanical governors.
SOC Example
Air Valve Mechanic, Gas Meter Installer, Thermostat Repairer
SOC Description
Install or repair heating, central air conditioning, HVAC, or refrigeration systems, including oil burners, hot-air furnaces, and heating stoves.
SOC Example
Gas Furnace Installer, Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Mechanic, Oil Burner Repairer
SOC Description
Repair, adjust, or install all types of electric or gas household appliances, such as refrigerators, washers, dryers, and ovens.
SOC Example
Vacuum Cleaner Repairer, Washing Machine Installer, Window Air Conditioner Installer
SOC Description
Build or repair equipment such as furnaces, kilns, cupolas, boilers, converters, ladles, soaking pits, and ovens, using refractory materials.
SOC Example
Bondactor Machine Repairer, Cupola Repairer, Kiln Door Builder, Ladle Repairer
SOC Description
Install, dismantle, or move machinery and heavy equipment according to layout plans, blueprints, or other drawings.
SOC Description
Lubricate machinery, change parts, or perform other routine machinery maintenance. Excludes ??Maintenance and Repair Workers, General? (49-9071).
SOC Example
Crane Oiler
SOC Description
Repair, adjust and maintain mine machinery such as pumps, compressors, pneumatic tools, conveyors, drilling and cutting machines, and mining cars.
SOC Example
Mine Machine Mechanic, Conveyor Mechanic, Compressor Mechanic
SOC Description
Repair, install, adjust, or maintain industrial production and processing machinery or refinery and pipeline distribution systems. May also install, dismantle, or move machinery and heavy equipment according to plans. Excludes ??Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines? (49-3042), and ??Maintenance Workers, Machinery? (49-9043).
SOC Description
Troubleshoot and inspect mining equipment by visual inspection and by the use of testing and diagnostic equipment to determine problems or malfunction. Regularly remove, repair and replace components or piece parts to mining equipment such as belt systems, longwall systems, rock flow systems, underground loaders and trucks, underground drills, room and pillar products, as well as perform repair work to other mine operation equipment as needed. Regularly write detailed and accurate service reports stating the nature of the job and what has been done.
SOC Description
Install or repair cables or wires used in electrical power or distribution systems. May erect poles and light or heavy duty transmission towers. Excludes ??Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay? (49-2095).
SOC Example
Electric Powerline Examiner, Electric Utility Lineworker, Electrical High Tension Tester, Electrical Lineworker
SOC Description
Install and repair telecommunications cable, including fiber optics.
SOC Example
Cable Television Installer, FIOS Line Installer, Telephone Cable Splicer
SOC Description
Repair, clean, and adjust mechanisms of timing instruments, such as watches and clocks. Includes watchmakers, watch technicians, and mechanical timepiece repairers. Excludes "Timing Device Assemblers and Adjusters? (51-2061).
SOC Example
Antique Clock Repairer, Clock Repair Technician, Horologist
SOC Description
All precision instrument and equipment repairers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Gyroscope Repairer, Telescope Repairer
SOC Description
Repair percussion, stringed, reed, or wind instruments. May specialize in one area, such as piano tuning. Excludes ??Audiovisual Equipment Installers and Repairers" (49-2097) who repair electrical and electronic musical instruments.
SOC Example
Brass and Wind Instrument Repairer, Piano Tuner, Violin Repairer
SOC Description
Test, adjust, or repair biomedical or electromedical equipment.
SOC Example
Medical Equipment Technician; Biomedical Equipment Technician (BMET), Biomedical Technician, Bio Medical Technician, Service Technician, Biomedical Electronics Technician, Biomedical Engineering Technician (BMET), Certified Biomedical Equipment Technician
SOC Description
Repair and adjust cameras and photographic equipment, including commercial video and motion picture camera equipment.
SOC Example
Aircraft Photographic Equipment Repairer, Camera Repairer, Photographic Equipment Technician
SOC Description
Perform work involving the skills of two or more maintenance or craft occupations to keep machines, mechanical equipment, or the structure of a building in repair. Duties may involve pipe fitting; HVAC maintenance; insulating; welding; machining; carpentry; repairing electrical or mechanical equipment; installing, aligning, and balancing new equipment; and repairing buildings, floors, or stairs. Excludes ??Facilities Managers? (11-3013) and ??Maintenance Workers, Machinery? (49-9043).
SOC Example
Facilities Maintenance (general)
SOC Description
Inspect, diagnose, adjust, or repair wind turbines. Perform maintenance on wind turbine equipment including resolving electrical, mechanical, and hydraulic malfunctions.
SOC Example
Wind Energy Technician, Wind Turbine Mechanic
SOC Description
Move or install mobile homes or prefabricated buildings.
SOC Example
Housetrailer Servicer, Mobile Homer Mechanic, Mobile Home Servicer
SOC Description
Include all vehicle mechanics, installers, repairers, all other not listed separately
SOC Example
All Other Vehicle, Mobile Equipment Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers
SOC Description
Include all electrical and electronic equipment, maintenance, installation and repairers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Bowling Alley Mechanic
SOC Description
All installation, maintenance, and repair workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Bowling Alley Mechanic, Fire Extinguisher Installer, Gasoline Pump Installer, Gunsmith
SOC Description
Help installation, maintenance, and repair workers in maintenance, parts replacement, and repair of vehicles, industrial machinery, and electrical and electronic equipment. Perform duties such as furnishing tools, materials, and supplies to other workers; cleaning work area, machines, and tools; and holding materials or tools for other workers.
SOC Example
Automobile Body Repairer Helper, Locksmith Helper, Motorboat Mechanic Helper
SOC Description
Set up or repair rigging for construction projects, manufacturing plants, logging yards, ships and shipyards, or for the entertainment industry.
SOC Example
Acrobatic Rigger, Crane Rigger, Yard Rigger
SOC Description
Install, service, adjust, or repair coin, vending, or amusement machines including video games, juke boxes, pinball machines, or slot machines.
SOC Example
Arcade Games Mechanic, Parking Meter Collector, Slot Machine Mechanic, Vending Machine Filler
SOC Description
Repair and open locks, make keys, change locks and safe combinations, and install and repair safes.
SOC Example
Key Maker, Safe and Vault Installer, Safe and Vault Mechanic
SOC Description
Work below surface of water, using surface-supplied air or scuba equipment to inspect, repair, remove, or install equipment and structures. May use a variety of power and hand tools, such as drills, sledgehammers, torches, and welding equipment. May conduct tests or experiments, rig explosives, or photograph structures or marine life. Excludes ??Athletes and Sports Competitors? (27-2021), ??Police and Sheriff??s Patrol Officers? (33-3051), and ??Fishing and Hunting Workers? (45-3031).
SOC Example
Marine Diver, Salvage Diver, Scuba Diver, Underwater Welder
SOC Description
Install, inspect, test, maintain, or repair electric gate crossings, signals, signal equipment, track switches, section lines, or intercommunications systems within a railroad system.
SOC Example
Light Rail Signal Technician, Rail Signal Mechanic, Third Rail Installer
Supervisors of Production Workers
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of production and operating workers, such as inspectors, precision workers, machine setters and operators, assemblers, fabricators, and plant and system operators. Excludes team or work leaders.
SOC Example
Assembly Line Supervisor, Machinist Supervisor, Printing Worker Supervisor
SOC Description
Supervise and coordinate the activities of workers processing fish, shellfish or other seafood products. Oversee quality control procedures. May train or instruct workers. May perform the duties of a buyer's representative. Exclude team or work leaders
SOC Example
Slime Line Supervisor
Assemblers and Fabricators
SOC Description
Assemble, fit, fasten, and install parts of airplanes, space vehicles, or missiles, such as tails, wings, fuselage, bulkheads, stabilizers, landing gear, rigging and control equipment, or heating and ventilating systems.
SOC Example
Aircraft De-Icer Installer, Aircraft Fuselage Framer, Aircraft Riveter
SOC Description
Wind wire coils used in electrical components, such as resistors and transformers, and in electrical equipment and instruments, such as field cores, bobbins, armature cores, electrical motors, generators, and control equipment.
SOC Example
Coil Builder, Motor Winder, Wire Coiler
SOC Description
Assemble or modify electrical or electronic equipment, such as computers, test equipment telemetering systems, electric motors, and batteries.
SOC Example
Anode Builder, Battery Builder, Circuit Board Assembler, Electric Motor Controls Assembler
SOC Description
Assemble or modify electromechanical equipment or devices, such as servomechanisms, gyros, dynamometers, magnetic drums, tape drives, brakes, control linkage, actuators, and appliances.
SOC Example
Programmable Logic Controller Assembler, Synchronous Motor Assembler, Vacuum Cleaner Assembler, Vending Machine Assembler
SOC Description
Construct, assemble, or rebuild machines, such as engines, turbines, and similar equipment used in such industries as construction, extraction, textiles, and paper manufacturing.
SOC Example
Gas Turbine Assembler, Machine Builder, Steam Turbine Assembler
SOC Description
Fabricate, position, align, and fit parts of structural metal products. Shipfitters are included in ??Layout Workers, Metal and Plastic? (51-4192).
SOC Example
Mill Beam Fitter, Protector Plate Attacher
SOC Description
Laminate layers of fiberglass on molds to form boat decks and hulls, bodies for golf carts, automobiles, or other products.
SOC Example
Fiberglass Boat Builder, Fiberglass Ski Maker
SOC Description
Perform precision assembling or adjusting, within narrow tolerances, of timing devices such as digital clocks or timing devices with electrical or electronic components. Watchmakers are included in ??Watch and Clock Repairers? (49-9064).
SOC Description
Work as part of a team having responsibility for assembling an entire product or component of a product. Team assemblers can perform all tasks conducted by the team in the assembly process and rotate through all or most of them, rather than being assigned to a specific task on a permanent basis. May participate in making management decisions affecting the work. Includes team leaders who work as part of the team. Assemblers who continuously perform the same task are classified elsewhere in 51-2000.
SOC Example
Team Assembly Line Machine Operator, Lead Team Assembler, Team Automobile Assembler
SOC Description
All assemblers and fabricators not listed separately.
SOC Example
Air Bag Builder, Crate Builder, Doll Maker
SOC Description
Assemble furniture.
Food Processing Workers
SOC Description
Mix and bake ingredients to produce breads, rolls, cookies, cakes, pies, pastries, or other baked goods. Pastry chefs in restaurants and hotels are included with ??Chefs and Head Cooks? (35-1011).
SOC Example
Bagel Maker, Bread Baker, Pastry Finisher
SOC Description
Cut, trim, or prepare consumer-sized portions of meat for use or sale in retail establishments.
SOC Example
Butcher Apprentice, Kosher Butcher, Meat Carver, Meat Counter Worker
SOC Description
Use hands or hand tools to perform routine cutting and trimming of meat, poultry, and seafood.
SOC Example
Fish Filleter, Oyster Shucker, Poultry Eviscerator, Shrimp Picker
SOC Description
Perform a variety of routine tasks in canning, freezing, preserving, or packing seafood products involving a combination of handwork and machinery. Duties may include sorting, grading, washing, cutting, trimming, cleaning, or slicing seafood in preparation for canning, freezing or smoking. Operate or tend machines, except Baader equipment, to prepare product for shipment. Monitor the quality of the product.
SOC Example
Fish Filleter
SOC Description
Perform nonroutine or precision functions involving the preparation of large portions of meat. Work may include specialized slaughtering tasks, cutting standard or premium cuts of meat for marketing, making sausage, or wrapping meats. Work typically occurs in slaughtering, meat packing, or wholesale establishments. Excludes ??Meat, Poultry, and Fish Cutters and Trimmers? (51-3022) who perform routine meat cutting.
SOC Example
Halal Meat Packer, Poultry Slaughter, Shochet
SOC Description
All food processing workers not listed separately
SOC Example
Olive Pitter, Poultry Hanger, Yeast Maker
SOC Description
Operate or tend cooking equipment, such as steam cooking vats, deep fry cookers, pressure cookers, kettles, and boilers, to prepare food products. Excludes ??Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders? (51-3091).
SOC Example
Doughnut Machine Operator, Dumpling Machine Operator, Potato Chip Fryer
SOC Description
Sort and grade fish eggs (roe) by size, color, condition, or weight. Harvest, process and pack roe. Monitor the quality of the product.
SOC Example
Fish Roe Technician
SOC Description
Set up and operate equipment that mixes or blends ingredients used in the manufacturing of food products. Includes candy makers and cheese makers.
SOC Example
Frozen Yogurt Maker, Honey Blender, Peanut Butter Maker
SOC Description
Set up and operate processing equipment used in the production and packing of surimi. Monitor the quality of the product. May sort and grade fish.
SOC Example
Surimi Technician
SOC Description
Operate or tend food or tobacco roasting, baking, or drying equipment, including hearth ovens, kiln driers, roasters, char kilns, and vacuum drying equipment.
SOC Example
Coffee Roaster, Fish Smoker, Meat Curer, Smokehouse Worker
Metal Workers and Plastic Workers
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines to extrude or draw thermoplastic or metal materials into tubes, rods, hoses, wire, bars, or structural shapes.
SOC Example
Wire Drawing Machine Tender
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend forging machines to taper, shape, or form metal or plastic parts.
SOC Example
Cold Header Operator, Forging Roll Operator, Spike Machine Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines to roll steel or plastic forming bends, beads, knurls, rolls, or plate, or to flatten, temper, or reduce gauge of material.
SOC Example
Brass Roller, Forming Roll Operator, Plastic Straightening Roll Operator, Steel Roller
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines to saw, cut, shear, slit, punch, crimp, notch, bend, or straighten metal or plastic material.
SOC Example
Crimping Machine Operator for Metal, Metal Punch Press Operator, Metal Slitter
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend drilling machines to drill, bore, ream, mill, or countersink metal or plastic work pieces.
SOC Example
Boring Mill Operator for Metal, Drill Press Operator for Metal, Radial Drill Press Operator for Plastic
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend grinding and related tools that remove excess material or burrs from surfaces, sharpen edges or corners, or buff, hone, or polish metal or plastic work pieces.
SOC Example
Aluminum Polisher, Jewel Bearing Facer, Metal Grinder, Tool Polishing Machine Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend lathe and turning machines to turn, bore, thread, form, or face metal or plastic materials, such as wire, rod, or bar stock.
SOC Example
Engine Lathe Operator, Gear Cutter, Screw Machine Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend milling or planing machines to mill, plane, shape, groove, or profile metal or plastic work pieces.
SOC Example
Metal Milling Machine Operator, Plastic Thread Milling Machine Setup Operator
SOC Description
Set up and operate a variety of machine tools to produce precision parts and instruments out of metal. Includes precision instrument makers who fabricate, modify, or repair mechanical instruments. May also fabricate and modify parts to make or repair machine tools or maintain industrial machines, applying knowledge of mechanics, mathematics, metal properties, layout, and machining procedures. Machinists who primarily program or operate computer numerically controlled (CNC) equipment are classified in ??Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators and Programmers? (51-9160).
SOC Example
Automotive Machinist, Gear Machinist, Production Machinist, CNC Machinist
SOC Description
Operate or tend furnaces, such as gas, oil, coal, electric-arc or electric induction, open-hearth, or oxygen furnaces, to melt and refine metal before casting or to produce specified types of steel. Excludes ??Heat Treating Equipment Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic? (51-4191).
SOC Example
Electric Arc Furnace Operator, Smelter Operator
SOC Description
Operate hand-controlled mechanisms to pour and regulate the flow of molten metal into molds to produce castings or ingots.
SOC Example
Ingot Caster, Molten Iron Pourer, Steel Pourer
SOC Description
Lay out, machine, fit, and assemble castings and parts to metal or plastic foundry patterns, core boxes, or match plates.
SOC Example
Pattern Fitter, Stencil Cutter
SOC Description
Set up and operate machines, such as lathes, milling and engraving machines, and jig borers to make working models of metal or plastic objects. Includes template makers.
SOC Example
Metal Mockup Maker, Plastic Jig and Fixture Builder
SOC Description
Make or form wax or sand cores or molds used in the production of metal castings in foundries. Excludes ??Molding, Coremaking, and Casting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic? (51-4072) and ??Molders, Shapers, and Casters, Except Metal and Plastic? (51-9195).
SOC Example
Airset Caster, Green Sand Molder, Wax Pattern Coater
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend metal or plastic molding, casting, or coremaking machines to mold or cast metal or thermoplastic parts or products.
SOC Example
Aluminum Molding Machine Operator, Blow Mold Operator, Plastic Cup Fabricating Machine Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend more than one type of cutting or forming machine tool or robot.
SOC Example
Combination Machine Tool Operator, Multi-operation Forming Machine Setter
SOC Description
Analyze specifications, lay out metal stock, set up and operate machine tools, and fit and assemble parts to make and repair dies, cutting tools, jigs, fixtures, gauges, and machinists?? hand tools.
SOC Example
Jig Bore Tool Maker, Metal Die Finisher, Metal Gauge Maker
SOC Description
Use hand-welding, flame-cutting, hand-soldering, or brazing equipment to weld or join metal components or to fill holes, indentations, or seams of fabricated metal products.
SOC Example
Arc Welder, Cutting Torch Operator, pipe Welder, Silver Solderer
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend welding, soldering, or brazing machines or robots that weld, braze, solder, or heat treat metal products, components, or assemblies. Includes workers who operate laser cutters or laser-beam machines.
SOC Example
Electric Beam Welder Setter, Ultrasonic Welding Machine Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend heating equipment, such as heat-treating furnaces, flame-hardening machines, induction machines, soaking pits, or vacuum equipment to temper, harden, anneal, or heat treat metal or plastic objects.
SOC Example
Annealing Furnace Operator, Induction Machine Setter, Wire Temperer
SOC Description
Lay out reference points and dimensions on metal or plastic stock or workpieces, such as sheets, plates, tubes, structural shapes, castings, or machine parts, for further processing. Includes shipfitters.
SOC Example
Shipfitter Apprentice
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend plating machines to coat metal or plastic products with chromium, zinc, copper, cadmium, nickel, or other metal to protect or decorate surfaces. Typically, the product being coated is immersed in molten metal or an electrolytic solution. Excludes ??Coating, Painting, and Spraying Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders? (51-9124).
SOC Example
Anodizer, Galvanized, Nickel Plater
SOC Description
Perform precision smoothing, sharpening, polishing, or grinding of metal objects.
SOC Example
Tool Grinding Machine Operator
SOC Description
All metal workers and plastic workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Electrical Discharge Machine Setup Operator, Metal Rivet Machine Operator, Tin Recovery Worker
Printing Workers
SOC Description
Bind books and other publications or finish printed products by hand or machine. May set up binding and finishing machines.
SOC Example
Bookbinder, Bookbinding Machine Operator
SOC Description
Format and proof text and images submitted by designers and clients into finished pages that can be printed. Includes digital and photo typesetting. May produce printing plates.
SOC Example
Digital Proofing and Platemaker, Photoengraver, Plate Mounter
SOC Description
Set up and operate digital, letterpress, lithographic, flexographic, gravure, or other printing machines. Includes short-run offset printing presses.
SOC Example
Gravure Press Operator, Offset Press Operator, Web Press Operator
Textile, Apparel, and Furnishings Workers
SOC Description
Operate or tend washing or dry-cleaning machines to wash or dry-clean industrial or household articles, such as cloth garments, suede, leather, furs, blankets, draperies, linens, rugs, and carpets. Includes spotters and dyers of these articles.
SOC Example
Laundry Attendant, Laundry Equipment Operator, Laundry Sorter
SOC Description
Press or shape articles by hand or machine.
SOC Example
Clothes Ironer, Pants Presser, Wool Presser
SOC Description
Operate or tend sewing machines to join, reinforce, decorate, or perform related sewing operations in the manufacture of garment or nongarment products.
SOC Example
Blind Stitch Machine Operator, Button Sewing Machine Operator, Custom T-Shirt Embroidery Machine Operator
SOC Description
Construct, decorate, or repair leather and leather-like products, such as luggage, shoes, and saddles. May use hand tools.
SOC Example
Cobbler, Saddle Maker, Shoemaker
SOC Description
Operate or tend a variety of machines to join, decorate, reinforce, or finish shoes and shoe parts.
SOC Example
Arch Cushion Press Operator, Lasting Machine Operator, Rasper Machine Operator
SOC Description
Sew, join, reinforce, or finish, usually with needle and thread, a variety of manufactured items. Includes weavers and stitchers.
SOC Example
Hand Quilter, Hand Stitcher
SOC Description
Design, make, alter, repair, or fit garments.
SOC Example
Alternations Tailor, Coat Maker, Vest Maker
SOC Description
Operate or tend machines to bleach, shrink, wash, dye, or finish textiles or synthetic or glass fibers.
SOC Example
Cloth Dyer, Rug Dyer, Skein Yarn Dyer
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines that cut textiles.
SOC Example
Canvas Cutter, Industrial Fabric Cutter, Welt Trimming Machine Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines that knit, loop, weave, or draw in textiles. Excludes ??Sewing Machine Operators? (51-6031).
SOC Example
Crochet Machine Operator, Jacquard Loom Weaver, Looping Machine Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines that wind or twist textiles; or draw out and combine sliver, such as wool, hemp, or synthetic fibers. Includes slubber machine and drawing frame operators.
SOC Example
Rope Machine Setter, Silk Winding Machine Operator
SOC Description
Make, repair, or replace upholstery for household furniture or transportation vehicles.
SOC Example
Aircraft Seat Upholsterer, Furniture Upholsterer
SOC Description
All textile, apparel, and furnishings workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Apparel Embroidery Digitizer, Feltmaker, Hat Blocking Machine Operator
SOC Description
Draw and construct sets of precision master fabric patterns or layouts. May also mark and cut fabrics and apparel.
SOC Example
Clothing Patternmaker, Embroidery Patternmaker, Fabric Pattern Grader
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines that extrude and form continuous filaments from synthetic materials, such as liquid polymer, rayon, and fiberglass.
SOC Example
Fiber Machine Tender, Synthetic Filament Extruder
Woodworkers
SOC Description
Cut, shape, and assemble wooden articles or set up and operate a variety of woodworking machines, such as power saws, jointers, and mortisers to surface, cut, or shape lumber or to fabricate parts for wood products. Excludes ??Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders? (51-7040).
SOC Example
Cabinet Builder, Marquetry Worker, Wood Furniture Assembler
SOC Description
Shape, finish, and refinish damaged, worn, or used furniture or new high-grade furniture to specified color or finish.
SOC Example
Furniture Sander, Piano Refinisher, Wood Cabinet Finisher
SOC Description
Construct full-size and scale wooden precision models of products. Includes wood jig builders and loft workers.
SOC Example
Architectural Wood Model Maker
SOC Description
Plan, lay out, and construct wooden unit or sectional patterns used in forming sand molds for castings.
SOC Example
Wood Die Maker
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend wood sawing machines. May operate computer numerically controlled (CNC) equipment. Includes lead sawyers. Workers who primarily program or operate CNC equipment are classified in ??Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators and Programmers? (51-9160).
SOC Example
Buzz Saw Operator, Circle Saw Operator, Rip Saw Operator, Trim Saw Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend woodworking machines, such as drill presses, lathes, shapers, routers, sanders, planers, and wood nailing machines. May operate computer numerically controlled (CNC) equipment. Workers who primarily program or operate CNC equipment are classified in ??Computer Numerically Controlled Tool Operators and Programmers? (51-9160).
SOC Example
Wood Dowel Machine Operator, Wood Lathe Operator, Wood Planer
SOC Description
All woodworkers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Pole Framer, Wood Carver, Wood Casket Assembler
Plant and System Operators
SOC Description
Operate or control nuclear reactors. Move control rods, start and stop equipment, monitor and adjust controls, and record data in logs. Implement emergency procedures when needed. May respond to abnormalities, determine cause, and recommend corrective action.
SOC Example
Nuclear Control Room Operator, Nuclear Reactor Operator, nuclear Station Operator
SOC Description
Coordinate, regulate, or distribute electricity or steam.
SOC Example
Steam Plant Control Room Operator, Substation Operator
SOC Description
Control, operate, or maintain machinery to generate electric power. Includes auxiliary equipment operators. Excludes ??Nuclear Power Reactor Operators? (51-8011).
SOC Example
Hydroelectric Plant Operator, Powerhouse Operator
SOC Description
Operate or maintain stationary engines, boilers, or other mechanical equipment to provide utilities for buildings or industrial processes. Operate equipment such as steam engines, generators, motors, turbines, and steam boilers.
SOC Example
Boiler Engineer; Boiler Room Operator; Heating Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Mechanic, Boiler Operator
SOC Description
Operate or control an entire process or system of machines, often through the use of control boards, to transfer or treat water or wastewater.
SOC Example
Liquid Waste Treatment Plant Operator, Sewage Plant Operator
SOC Description
All plant and system operators not listed separately.
SOC Example
Asphalt Plant Operator, Concrete Batch Plant Operator, Lime Filter Operator
SOC Description
Operate or control petroleum refining or processing units. May specialize in controlling manifold and pumping systems, gauging or testing oil in storage tanks, or regulating the flow of oil into pipelines.
SOC Example
Hydrotreater Operator, Oil Pipeline Operator, Oil Refiner
SOC Description
Control or operate entire chemical processes or system of machines.
SOC Example
Nitric Acid Plant Operator, Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Machine Operator
SOC Description
Distribute or process gas for utility companies and others by controlling compressors to maintain specified pressures on main pipelines.
SOC Example
Gas Controller, Gas Plant Dispatcher
Other Production Occupations
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend continuous flow or vat-type equipment; filter presses; shaker screens; centrifuges; condenser tubes; precipitating, fermenting, or evaporating tanks; scrubbing towers; or batch stills. These machines extract, sort, or separate liquids, gases, or solids from other materials to recover a refined product. Includes dairy processing equipment operators. Excludes ??Chemical Equipment Operators and Tenders? (51-9011).
SOC Example
Brew master, Fermentation Operator, Pasteurizer
SOC Description
Operate or tend equipment to control chemical changes or reactions in the processing of industrial or consumer products. Equipment used includes devulcanizers, steam-jacketed kettles, and reactor vessels. Excludes ??Chemical Plant and System Operators? (51-8091).
SOC Example
Acid Purification Equipment Operator, Chemical Process Equipment Operator
SOC Description
Be responsible for the safe, efficient operation of the mill process in the mining industry.
SOC Description
Grind, sand, or polish, using hand tools or hand-held power tools, a variety of metal, wood, stone, clay, plastic, or glass objects. Includes chippers, buffers, and finishers.
SOC Example
Hand Buffer, Hand Sander, Jewelry Polisher, Knife Grinder
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines to mix or blend materials, such as chemicals, tobacco, liquids, color pigments, or explosive ingredients. Excludes ??Food Batchmakers? (51-3092).
SOC Example
Asphalt Blender, Clay Mixer, Ink Blender, Asphalt Mixing Machine Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines to crush, grind, or polish materials, such as coal, glass, grain, stone, food, or rubber.
SOC Example
Beveling and Edging Machine Operator, Industrial Coffee Grinder, Marble and Granite Polisher, Pulverizer Operator
SOC Description
Use hand tools or hand-held power tools to cut and trim a variety of manufactured items, such as carpet, fabric, stone, glass, or rubber.
SOC Example
Fur Trimmer, Hand Cloth Cutter
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines that cut or slice materials, such as glass, stone, cork, rubber, tobacco, food, paper, or insulating material. Excludes ??Cutting, Punching, and Press Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic? (51-4031), ??Textile Cutting Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders? (51-6062), and ??Woodworking Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders? (51-7040).
SOC Example
Glass Cutting Machine Operator, Insulation Cutter, Rubber Trimmer
SOC Description
Set up, operate or tend machines that cut, slice, debone, fillet, or skin seafood. Maintain and repair equipment.
SOC Example
Seafood Machine Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend machines, such as glass-forming machines, plodder machines, and tuber machines, to shape and form products such as glassware, food, rubber, soap, brick, tile, clay, wax, tobacco, or cosmetics. Excludes ??Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders? (51-6042) and ??Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders? (51-9196).
SOC Example
Brick Maker, Rubber Extrusion Operator, Sugar Presser, Concrete Block Maker, Concrete Block molder, Concrete Pipe Making Machine Operator, Precast molder, Pulp Press Tender, Pulp Machine Operator, Pretzel Twisting Machine Operator, Extruder Operator, Extr
SOC Description
Operate or tend heating equipment other than basic metal, plastic, or food processing equipment. Includes activities such as annealing glass, drying lumber, curing rubber, removing moisture from materials, or boiling soap.
SOC Example
Lime Kiln Operator, Lumber Kiln Operator, Rubber Curer
SOC Description
Inspect, test, sort, sample, or weigh nonagricultural raw materials or processed, machined, fabricated, or assembled parts or products for defects, wear, and deviations from specifications. May use precision measuring instruments and complex test equipment.
SOC Example
Machined Parts Quality Inspector, Petroleum Sampler
SOC Description
Take x-rays of manufactured products, such as gas and oil pipelines, boilers and pipes, to determine their levels of durability, quality and safety.
SOC Description
Design, fabricate, adjust, repair, or appraise jewelry, gold, silver, other precious metals, or gems. Includes diamond polishers and gem cutters, and persons who perform precision casting and modeling of molds, casting metal in molds, or setting precious and semiprecious stones for jewelry and related products.
SOC Example
Diamond Setter, Gemologist, Goldsmith
SOC Description
Construct, maintain, or repair medical supportive devices such as braces, orthotics and prosthetic devices, joints, arch supports, and other surgical and medical appliances.
SOC Example
O&P Technician, Medical Appliance Technician, Orthotics Technician, Prosthetics Technician
SOC Description
Cut, grind, and polish eyeglasses, contact lenses, or other precision optical elements. Assemble and mount lenses into frames or process other optical elements. Includes precision lens polishers or grinders, centerer-edgers, and lens mounters. Excludes ??Opticians, Dispensing ? (29-2081).
SOC Example
Eyeglass Maker, Lens Grinder, Precision Lens Centerer and Edger
SOC Description
Construct and repair full or partial dentures or dental appliances. Excludes ??Dental Assistants? (31-9091).
SOC Example
Crown and Bridge Technician, Dental Ceramist, Orthodontic Technician
SOC Description
Operate or tend machines to prepare industrial or consumer products for storage or shipment. Includes cannery workers who pack food products.
SOC Example
Bottle Capper, Keg Filler, Potato Chip Packaging Machine Operator
SOC Description
Paint, coat, or decorate articles, such as furniture, glass, plateware, pottery, jewelry, toys, books, or leather. Excludes ??Artists and Related Workers" (27-1010), ??Designers? (27-1020), ??Photographic Process Workers and Processing Machine Operators? (51-9151), and ??Etchers and Engravers? (51-9194).
SOC Example
Ceramic Painter, China Decorator, Sign Painter
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend spraying or rolling machines to coat or paint any of a wide variety of products, including glassware, cloth, ceramics, metal, plastic, paper, or wood, with lacquer, silver, copper, rubber, varnish, glaze, enamel, oil, or rust-proofing materials. Includes painters of transportation vehicles such as painters in auto body repair facilities. Excludes ??Plating Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders, Metal and Plastic? (51-4193).
SOC Description
Perform any or all of the following functions in the manufacture of electronic semiconductors: load semiconductor material into furnace; saw formed ingots into segments; load individual segment into crystal growing chamber and monitor controls; locate crystal axis in ingot using x-ray equipment and saw ingots into wafers; and clean, polish, and load wafers into series of special purpose furnaces, chemical baths, and equipment used to form circuitry and change conductive properties.
SOC Example
Circuit Recorder, Crystal Grower, Wafer Machine Operator
SOC Description
Perform work involved in developing and processing photographic images from film or digital media. May perform precision tasks such as editing photographic negatives and prints.
SOC Example
Digital Photo Printer, Photo Lab Specialist, Photo Retoucher
SOC Description
Operate computer-controlled tools, machines, or robots to machine or process parts, tools, or other work pieces made of metal, plastic, wood, stone, or other materials. May also set up and maintain equipment.
SOC Description
Develop programs to control machining or processing of materials by automatic machine tools, equipment, or systems. May also set up, operate, or maintain equipment.
SOC Description
Include all printing workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
All Other Printer Workers
SOC Description
All production workers not listed separately. Excludes ??Packers and Packagers, Hand? (53-7064).
SOC Example
Barrel Header, Mop Maker
SOC Description
Help production workers by performing duties requiring less skill. Duties include supplying or holding materials or tools, and cleaning work area and equipment. Apprentice workers are classified in the appropriate production occupations (51-0000).
SOC Example
Blending Tank Helper, Commercial Baker Helper, Welder Helper
SOC Description
Operate machines to build tires.
SOC Example
Auto Tire Recapper, Retreader and Tire Molder
SOC Description
Mold, shape, form, cast, or carve products such as food products, figurines, tile, pipes, and candles consisting of clay, glass, plaster, concrete, stone, or combinations of materials.
SOC Example
Cigar Roller, Glass Blower, Neon Tube Bender
SOC Description
Engrave or etch metal, wood, rubber, or other materials. Includes such workers as etcher-circuit processors, pantograph engravers, and silk screen etchers. Photoengravers are included in ??Prepress Technicians and Workers? (51-5111).
SOC Example
Glass Etcher, Metal Engraver
SOC Description
Operate or tend equipment such as cooling and freezing units, refrigerators, batch freezers, and freezing tunnels, to cool or freeze products, food, blood plasma, and chemicals.
SOC Example
Chiller Tender, Refrigerating Machine Operator
SOC Description
Operate or tend machines to wash or clean products, such as barrels or kegs, glass items, tin plate, food, pulp, coal, plastic, or rubber, to remove impurities.
SOC Example
Acid Dipper, Degreaser Operator, Immersion Metal Cleaner
SOC Description
Operate or tend bonding machines that use adhesives to join items for further processing or to form a completed product. Processes include joining veneer sheets into plywood; gluing paper; or joining rubber and rubberized fabric parts, plastic, simulated leather, or other materials. Excludes ??Shoe Machine Operators and Tenders? (51-6042).
SOC Example
Glue Line Operator, Glue Reel Operator, Paper Gluing Operator
SOC Description
Set up, operate, or tend paper goods machines that perform a variety of functions, such as converting, sawing, corrugating, banding, wrapping, boxing, stitching, forming, or sealing paper or paperboard sheets into products.
SOC Example
Box Fabricator, Carton Making Machine Operator, Corrugator Operator
Supervisors of Transportation and Material Moving Workers
SOC Description
Supervise and coordinate the activities of ground crew in the loading, unloading, securing, and staging of aircraft cargo or baggage. May determine the quantity and orientation of cargo and compute aircraft center of gravity. May accompany aircraft as member of flight crew and monitor and handle cargo in flight, and assist and brief passengers on safety and emergency procedures. Includes loadmasters.
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of helpers, laborers, or material movers, hand.
SOC Description
Directly supervise and coordinate activities of material-moving machine and vehicle operators and helpers.
SOC Description
Supervise and coordinate activities of passenger attendants. Includes supervisors of ??Flight Attendants? (53-2031).
SOC Example
Supervisor Flight Attendant, Flight Attendant Supervisor
SOC Description
All first-line supervisors of transportation workers not listed separately.
Air Transportation Workers
SOC Description
Pilot and navigate the flight of fixed-wing aircraft, usually on scheduled air carrier routes, for the transport of passengers and cargo. Requires Federal Air Transport certificate and rating for specific aircraft type used. Includes regional, national, and international airline pilots and flight instructors of airline pilots. Excludes ??Electro-Mechanical and Mechatronics Technologists and Technicians? (17-3024).
SOC Example
Airline Captain, Airline Pilot in Command, Charter Pilot (Air Transport Pilot Certificate Required), Charter Pilot (Airline)
SOC Description
Pilot and navigate the flight of fixed-wing aircraft on nonscheduled air carrier routes, or helicopters. Requires Commercial Pilot certificate. Includes charter pilots with similar certification, and air ambulance and air tour pilots. Excludes regional, national, and international airline pilots. Excludes ??Electro-Mechanical and Mechatronics Technologists and Technicians? (17-3024).
SOC Example
Aerial Crop Duster, Charter Pilot (Commercial Pilot Certificate Required), Flight Instructor (Commercial pilots), Helicopter Pilot
SOC Description
Control air traffic on and within vicinity of airport, and movement of air traffic between altitude sectors and control centers, according to established procedures and policies. Authorize, regulate, and control commercial airline flights according to government or company regulations to expedite and ensure flight safety.
SOC Example
Air Traffic Control Operator, Control Tower Operator, Enroute Controller
SOC Description
Ensure the safe takeoff and landing of commercial and military aircraft. Duties include coordination between air-traffic control and maintenance personnel, dispatching, using airfield landing and navigational aids, implementing airfield safety procedures, monitoring and maintaining flight records, and applying knowledge of weather information.
SOC Example
Aviation Operations Specialist, Flight Operations Coordinator
SOC Description
Monitor safety of the aircraft cabin. Provide services to airline passengers, explain safety information, serve food and beverages, and respond to emergency incidents.
SOC Example
Airline Flight Attendant, Airplane Flight Attendant
Motor Vehicle Operators
SOC Description
Drive ambulance or assist ambulance driver in transporting sick, injured, or convalescent persons. Assist in lifting patients.
SOC Example
Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Driver
SOC Description
Drive truck or other vehicle over established routes or within an established territory and sell or deliver goods, such as food products, including restaurant take-out items, or pick up or deliver items such as commercial laundry. May also take orders, collect payment, or stock merchandise at point of delivery. Excludes ??Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers? (49-9091) and ??Light Truck Drivers? (53-3033).
SOC Example
Bakery Deliverer, Pizza Delivery Driver, Route Salesperson
SOC Description
Drive a tractor-trailer combination or a truck with a capacity of at least 26,001 pounds Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW). May be required to unload truck. Requires commercial drivers?? license. Includes tow truck drivers. Excludes ??Refuse and Recyclable Material Collectors? (53-7081).
SOC Example
Auto Carrier Driver, Cement Truck Driver, Moving Van Driver- Towing Driver
SOC Description
Drives tow-truck to move motor vehicles damaged by accident, stalled, or ticketed by police for traffic violation. Receives call or is dispatched to location by repair garage, automobile association, or police department by radio or telephone. May make minor repairs to vehicles along highway, such as replacing spark plugs, batteries, and light bulbs, and connecting loose wires.
SOC Example
Tow-truck Driver - Towing Driver
SOC Description
Drive a light vehicle, such as a truck or van, with a capacity of less than 26,001 pounds Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW), primarily to pick up merchandise or packages from a distribution center and deliver. May load and unload vehicle. Excludes ??Couriers and Messengers? (43-5021) and ??Driver/Sales Workers? (53-3031).
SOC Example
Pharmacy Delivery Driver
SOC Description
Drive a school bus to transport students. Ensure adherence to safety rules. May assist students in boarding or exiting.
SOC Description
Drive bus or motor coach, including regular route operations, charters, and private carriage. May assist passengers with baggage. May collect fares or tickets.
SOC Description
Drive a motor vehicle to transport passengers on a planned or scheduled basis. May collect a fare. Includes nonemergency medical transporters and hearse drivers. Excludes ??Ambulance Drivers and Attendants, Except Emergency Medical Technicians? (53-3011) and ??Taxi Drivers? (53-3054).
SOC Description
Drive a motor vehicle to transport passengers on an unplanned basis and charge a fare, usually based on a meter. Excludes ??Shuttle Drivers and Chauffeurs? (53-3053).
SOC Description
All motor vehicle operators not listed separately.
SOC Example
Ice-Resurfacing Machine Operator, Motorcycle Deliverer, Street Cleaning Equipment Operator
SOC Description
Plow driveways and parking lots.
SOC Example
Snow Plow Operator, Snow Plow Driver
SOC Description
Drive or operate vehicles specially equipped to remove material from roads or lots.
SOC Example
Street Cleaners
Rail Transportation Workers
SOC Description
Drive electric, diesel-electric, steam, or gas-turbine-electric locomotives to transport passengers or freight. Interpret train orders, electronic or manual signals, and railroad rules and regulations. Excludes ??Engineers? (17-2011 through 17-2199).
SOC Example
Railroad Engineer, Train Engineer
SOC Description
Drive switching or other locomotive or dinkey engines within railroad yard, industrial plant, quarry, construction project, or similar location.
SOC Example
Coal Tram Driver, Railcar Switcher
SOC Description
Operate or monitor railroad track switches or locomotive instruments. May couple or uncouple rolling stock to make up or break up trains. Watch for and relay traffic signals. May inspect couplings, air hoses, journal boxes, and hand brakes. May watch for dragging equipment or obstacles on rights-of-way.
SOC Description
Coordinate activities of switch-engine crew within railroad yard, industrial plant, or similar location. Conductors coordinate activities of train crew on passenger or freight trains. Yardmasters review train schedules and switching orders and coordinate activities of workers engaged in railroad traffic operations, such as the makeup or breakup of trains and yard switching.
SOC Example
Freight Conductor, Yard Conductor
SOC Description
Operate subway or elevated suburban trains with no separate locomotive, or electric-powered streetcar, to transport passengers. May handle fares.
SOC Example
Light Rail Transit Operator, Tram Operator, Trolley Car Operator
SOC Description
All rail transportation workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Railway Equipment Operator, Retarder Operator, Transfer Table Operator
Water Transportation Workers
SOC Description
Stand watch to look for obstructions in path of vessel, measure water depth, turn wheel on bridge, or use emergency equipment as directed by captain, mate, or pilot. Break out, rig, overhaul, and store cargo-handling gear, stationary rigging, and running gear. Perform a variety of maintenance tasks to preserve the painted surface of the ship and to maintain line and ship equipment. Must hold government-issued certification and tankerman certification when working aboard liquid-carrying vessels. Includes able seamen and ordinary seamen.
SOC Example
Deckhand, Merchant Mariner
SOC Description
Command or supervise operations of ships and water vessels, such as tugboats and ferryboats. Required to hold license issued by U.S. Coast Guard. Excludes ??Motorboat Operators? (53-5022).
SOC Example
Barge Captain, First Mate, Harbor Pilot, Port Captain, Skipper
SOC Description
Operate small motor-driven boats. May assist in navigational activities.
SOC Example
Launch Operator, Speedboat Operator, Water Taxi Operator
SOC Description
Supervise and coordinate activities of crew engaged in operating and maintaining engines, boilers, deck machinery, and electrical, sanitary, and refrigeration equipment aboard ship. Excludes ??Engineers? (17-2000).
SOC Example
Barge Engineer, Ferry Engineer, Tugboat Engineer, Marine Engineer
Other Transportation Workers
SOC Description
Operate and tend bridges, canal locks, and lighthouses to permit marine passage on inland waterways, near shores, and at danger points in waterway passages. May supervise such operations. Includes drawbridge operators, lock operators, and slip bridge operators.
SOC Example
Lighthouse Keeper, Lock and Dam Operator
SOC Description
Park vehicles or issue tickets for customers in a parking lot or garage. May park or tend vehicles in environments such as a car dealership or rental car facility. May collect fee.
SOC Example
Parking Ramp Attendant, Valet Parker
SOC Description
Service automobiles, buses, trucks, boats, and other automotive or marine vehicles with fuel, lubricants, and accessories. Collect payment for services and supplies. May lubricate vehicle, change motor oil, refill antifreeze, or replace lights or other accessories, such as windshield wiper blades or fan belts. May repair or replace tires. Excludes ??Cashiers? (41-2011).
SOC Example
Gas and Oil Servicer, Gas Pump Attendant, Service Station Attendant
SOC Description
Service aircraft with fuel. May de-ice aircraft, refill water and cooling agents, empty sewage tanks, service air and oxygen systems, or clean and polish exterior.
SOC Example
Aircraft Refueler
SOC Description
Conduct field studies to determine traffic volume, speed, effectiveness of signals, adequacy of lighting, and other factors influencing traffic conditions, under direction of traffic engineer.
SOC Example
Highway Traffic Control Technician, Traffic Signal Technician, Transportation Technician
SOC Description
Inspect equipment or goods in connection with the safe transport of cargo or people. Includes rail transportation inspectors, such as freight inspectors, rail inspectors, and other inspectors of transportation vehicles not elsewhere classified. Excludes ??Transportation Security Screeners? (33-9093).
SOC Example
Aircraft Inspector, Motor Vehicle Emissions Inspector, Railroad Car Inspector
SOC Description
Provide services to ensure the safety of passengers aboard ships, buses, trains, or within the station or terminal. Perform duties such as explaining the use of safety equipment, serving meals or beverages, or answering questions related to travel. Excludes ??Baggage Porters and Bellhops? (39-6011) and ??Flight Attendants? (53-2031).
SOC Example
Ship Steward, Train Attendant
SOC Description
All transportation workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Airplane Refueler, Rickshaw Driver
SOC Description
Load and unload vans for shipping by water or land. Can be household or commerical items in containers.
SOC Example
Ramper
SOC Description
Properly secure plane, check and load luggage and mail into the plane, and guide it into the proper terminal. Responsible for the safety of the crew and passengers. Ready plane for take off, and ensure that all luggage ends up on the proper aircraft. Clean the aircraft, direct it to and from the gates, and operate the ground equipment necessary to secure, load, and unload the plane.
SOC Example
Ramp Agents
SOC Description
Include all water transportation workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Other Water Transportation Workers
SOC Description
Include all air transportation workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Other Air Transportation Workers
Material Moving Workers
SOC Description
Control or tend conveyors or conveyor systems that move materials or products to and from stockpiles, processing stations, departments, or vehicles. May control speed and routing of materials or products.
SOC Example
Conveyor Belt Operator, Grain Elevator Operator
SOC Description
Operate mechanical boom and cable or tower and cable equipment to lift and move materials, machines, or products in many directions.
SOC Example
Boom Crane Operator, Cherry Picker Operator, Coal Tower Operator
SOC Description
Operate dredge to remove sand, gravel, or other materials in order to excavate and maintain navigable channels in waterways.
SOC Example
Dredger
SOC Description
Operate or tend hoists or winches to lift and pull loads using power-operated cable equipment. Excludes ??Crane and Tower Operators? (53-7021).
SOC Example
Winch Derrick Operator
SOC Description
Operate industrial trucks or tractors equipped to move materials around a warehouse, storage yard, factory, construction site, or similar location. Excludes ??Logging Equipment Operators? (45-4022).
SOC Example
Forklift Operator, Stacker Operator
SOC Description
Receive, store, and issue merchandise, materials, equipment, and other items from stockroom, warehouse, or storage yard to fill shelves, racks, tables, or customers?? orders. May operate power equipment to fill orders. May mark prices on merchandise and set up sales displays. Excludes ??Shipping, Receiving, and Inventory Clerks? (43-5071), ??Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand? (53-7062), and ??Packers and Packagers, Hand? (53-7064).
SOC Description
Pack or package by hand a wide variety of products and materials.
SOC Example
Egg Packer, Gift Wrapper, Grocery Store Bagger
SOC Description
Feed materials into or remove materials from machines or equipment that is automatic or tended by other workers.
SOC Example
Hopper Filler, Spinning Doffer
SOC Description
Unload, sort, or stock and load cargo to and from incoming ships.
SOC Example
Day Laborer, Stevedore
SOC Description
Manually move freight, stock, luggage, or other materials, or perform other general labor. Includes all manual laborers not elsewhere classified. Excludes ??Construction Laborers? (47-2061) and ??Helpers, Construction Trades? (47-3011 through 47-3019). Excludes ??Material Moving Workers? (53-7011 through 53-7199) who use power equipment.
SOC Example
Cargo Handler, Wharf Laborer
SOC Description
Wash or otherwise clean vehicles, machinery, and other equipment. Use such materials as water, cleaning agents, brushes, cloths, and hoses. Excludes ??Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners? (37-2011).
SOC Example
Aircraft Cleaner, Auto Detailer, Car Wash Attendant
SOC Description
Work backstage or behind the scenes in theaters, film, television, or location performance setting up the scenery, lights, sound, props, rigging, and special effects for a production.
SOC Example
Stage Technicians, Crew, Stagehands
SOC Description
Operate steam-, gas-, electric motor-, or internal combustion-engine driven compressors. Transmit, compress, or recover gases, such as butane, nitrogen, hydrogen, and natural gas.
SOC Example
Butane Compressor Operator, Gas Cylinder Processor, Liquid Natural Gas Plant Operator
SOC Description
Tend, control, or operate power-driven, stationary, or portable pumps and manifold systems to transfer gases, oil, other liquids, slurries, or powdered materials to and from various vessels and processes.
SOC Example
Brewery Pumper, Fluid Pump Operator
SOC Description
Operate power pumps and auxiliary equipment to produce flow of oil or gas from wells in oil field.
SOC Example
Oil Well Pumper
SOC Description
Collect and dump refuse or recyclable materials from containers into truck. May drive truck.
SOC Example
Garbage Collector, Recyclable Materials Collector, Trash Collector
SOC Description
Load and unload chemicals and bulk solids, such as coal, sand, and grain, into or from tank cars, trucks, or ships, using material moving equipment. May perform a variety of other tasks relating to shipment of products. May gauge or sample shipping tanks and test them for leaks.
SOC Example
Barge Loader, Rail Car Loader, Ship Unloader
SOC Description
All material moving workers not listed separately.
SOC Example
Freight Elevator Operator
Military Officer Special and Tactical Operations Leaders
SOC Description
Direct, train, and lead infantry units in ground combat operations. Duties include directing deployment of infantry weapons, vehicles, and equipment; directing location, construction, and camouflage of infantry positions and equipment; managing field communications operations; coordinating with armor, artillery, and air support units; performing strategic and tactical planning, including battle plan development; and leading basic reconnaissance operations.
SOC Description
All military officer special and tactical operations leaders not listed separately.
SOC Description
Lead elite teams that implement unconventional operations by air, land, or sea during combat or peacetime. These activities include offensive raids, demolitions, reconnaissance, search and rescue, and counterterrorism. In addition to their combat training, special forces officers often have specialized training in swimming, diving, parachuting, survival, emergency medicine, and foreign languages. Duties include directing advanced reconnaissance operations and evaluating intelligence information; recruiting, training, and equipping friendly forces; leading raids and invasions on enemy territories; training personnel to implement individual missions and contingency plans; performing strategic and tactical planning for politically sensitive missions; and operating sophisticated communications equipment.
SOC Description
Manage the operation of communications, detection, and weapons systems essential for controlling air, ground, and naval operations. Duties include managing critical communication links between air, naval, and ground forces; formulating and implementing emergency plans for natural and wartime disasters; coordinating emergency response teams and agencies; evaluating command center information and need for high-level military and government reporting; managing the operation of surveillance and detection systems; providing technical information and advice on capabilities and operational readiness; and directing operation of weapons targeting, firing, and launch computer systems.
SOC Description
Manage personnel and weapons operations to destroy enemy positions, aircraft, and vessels. Duties include planning, targeting, and coordinating the tactical deployment of field artillery and air defense artillery missile systems units; directing the establishment and operation of fire control communications systems; targeting and launching intercontinental ballistic missiles; directing the storage and handling of nuclear munitions and components; overseeing security of weapons storage and launch facilities; and managing maintenance of weapons systems.
SOC Description
Direct the operation of tanks, light armor, and amphibious assault vehicle units during combat situations on land or in aquatic environments. Duties include directing crew members in the operation of targeting and firing systems; coordinating the operation of advanced onboard communications and navigation equipment; directing the transport of personnel and equipment during combat; formulating and implementing battle plans, including the tactical employment of armored vehicle units; and coordinating with infantry, artillery, and air support units.
SOC Description
Plan and direct the operation and maintenance of catapults, arresting gear, and associated mechanical, hydraulic, and control systems involved primarily in aircraft carrier takeoff and landing operations. Duties include supervision of readiness and safety of arresting gear, launching equipment, barricades, and visual landing aid systems; planning and coordinating the design, development, and testing of launch and recovery systems; preparing specifications for catapult and arresting gear installations; evaluating design proposals; determining handling equipment needed for new aircraft; preparing technical data and instructions for operation of landing aids; and training personnel in carrier takeoff and landing procedures.
SOC Description
Perform and direct in-flight duties to ensure the successful completion of combat, reconnaissance, transport, and search and rescue missions. Duties include operating aircraft communications and radar equipment, such as establishing satellite linkages and jamming enemy communications capabilities; operating aircraft weapons and defensive systems; conducting preflight, in-flight, and postflight inspections of onboard equipment; and directing cargo and personnel drops.
First-Line Enlisted Military Supervisors
SOC Description
Supervise and coordinate the activities of air crew members. Supervisors may also perform the same activities as the workers they supervise.
SOC Description
Supervise and coordinate the activities of weapons specialists/crew members. Supervisors may also perform the same activities as the workers they supervise.
SOC Description
Supervise and coordinate the activities of all other tactical operations specialists not classified separately above. Supervisors may also perform the same activities as the workers they supervise.
Military Enlisted Tactical Operations and Air/Weapons Specialists and Crew Members
SOC Description
Perform in-flight duties to ensure the successful completion of combat, reconnaissance, transport, and search and rescue missions. Duties include operating aircraft communications and detection equipment, including establishing satellite linkages and jamming enemy communications capabilities; conducting preflight, in-flight, and postflight inspections of onboard equipment; operating and maintaining aircraft weapons and defensive systems; operating and maintaining aircraft in-flight refueling systems; executing aircraft safety and emergency procedures; computing and verifying passenger, cargo, fuel, and emergency and special equipment weight and balance data; and conducting cargo and personnel drops.
SOC Description
Operate and maintain catapults, arresting gear, and associated mechanical, hydraulic, and control systems involved primarily in aircraft carrier takeoff and landing operations. Duties include installing and maintaining visual landing aids; testing and maintaining launch and recovery equipment using electric and mechanical test equipment and hand tools; activating airfield arresting systems, such as crash barriers and cables, during emergency landing situations; directing aircraft launch and recovery operations using hand or light signals; and maintaining logs of airplane launches, recoveries, and equipment maintenance.
SOC Description
Operate tanks, light armor, and amphibious assault vehicles during combat situations on land or in aquatic environments. Duties include driving armored vehicles that require specialized training; operating and maintaining targeting and firing systems; operating and maintaining advanced onboard communications and navigation equipment; transporting personnel and equipment in a combat environment; and operating and maintaining auxiliary weapons, including machine guns and grenade launchers.
SOC Description
Target, fire, and maintain weapons used to destroy enemy positions, aircraft, and vessels. Field artillery crew members predominantly use guns, cannons, and howitzers in ground combat operations, while air defense artillery crew members predominantly use missiles and rockets. Naval artillery crew members predominantly use torpedoes and missiles launched from a ship or submarine. Duties include testing, inspecting, and storing ammunition, missiles, and torpedoes; conducting preventive and routine maintenance on weapons and related equipment; establishing and maintaining radio and wire communications; and operating weapons targeting, firing, and launch computer systems.
SOC Description
Operate and monitor communications, detection, and weapons systems essential for controlling air, ground, and naval operations. Duties include maintaining and relaying critical communications between air, naval, and ground forces; implementing emergency plans for natural and wartime disasters; relaying command center information to high-level military and government decisionmakers; monitoring surveillance and detection systems, such as air defense; interpreting and evaluating tactical situations and making recommendations to superiors; and operating weapons targeting, firing, and launch computer systems.
SOC Description
Operate weapons and equipment in ground combat operations. Duties include operating and maintaining weapons, such as rifles, machine guns, mortars, and hand grenades; locating, constructing, and camouflaging infantry positions and equipment; evaluating terrain and recording topographical information; operating and maintaining field communications equipment; assessing need for and directing supporting fire; placing explosives and performing minesweeping activities on land; and participating in basic reconnaissance operations.
SOC Description
Implement unconventional operations by air, land, or sea during combat or peacetime as members of elite teams. These activities include offensive raids, demolitions, reconnaissance, search and rescue, and counterterrorism. In addition to their combat training, special forces members often have specialized training in swimming, diving, parachuting, survival, emergency medicine, and foreign languages. Duties include conducting advanced reconnaissance operations and collecting intelligence information; recruiting, training, and equipping friendly forces; conducting raids and invasions on enemy territories; laying and detonating explosives for demolition targets; locating, identifying, defusing, and disposing of ordnance; and operating and maintaining sophisticated communications equipment.
SOC Description
All military enlisted tactical operations and air/weapons specialists and crewmembers not listed separately.